Nutrition Test #2
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| what element is found in proteins but not in carbohydrates and fats | nitrogen
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| IN comparison to the composition of carbohydrates and fats, which element found in proteins makes them unique | nitrogen
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| Which of the following is not an essential amino acid in human nutrition | proline
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| when two amino acids are chemically joined together, the resulting structure is called a | dipeptide
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| `what is meant by the amino acid sequence of a protein | order of appearance of amino acids in the peptide chain
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| upon eating a hamburger, in what organ is the hydrolysis of its protein initiated | stomach
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| in what organ is pepsin active | stomach
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| What protein is intimately involved in the formation of scar tissue in wound healing | collagen
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| what is the relationship between body proteins and water | proteins attract water
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| which of the following does not function as a transport protein | collagen
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| what term is described by the following quote: "The evil spirit that infects the first child when the second is born"? | kwashiorkor
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| protein is needed for normal development of cells and muscle mass, but excessive amounts of protein | B and D: will not increase the building of body tissue, will not add strength to the body
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| cardiovascular disease, colon cancer, and breast cancer risks have been shown to increase with diets high in | animal protein
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| marasmus can be characterized as a condition in which | Both B AND C: the person is starving from total malnutrition, the immune system is impaired, allowing for microbe attack
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| the primary component of the School Lunch Program that help prevent protein-energy malnutrition in US schools children is(are) | A ND B: meats or meat alternates, milk
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| for someone who has high blood cholesterol, protein intakes should | A ND C Be less from animal sources and more from plant sources, not be a concern if they are eating from the food pyramid
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| Which of the following is not considered to be a source of high quality protein in human nutrition | corn
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| what is a limiting amino acid in protein | an essential amino acid present in insufficient quantity for body protein sysnthesis to take place
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| which of the following foods has the best assortment of essential amino acids for the human body | eggs
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| which of the following is a feature of homocysteine | it is increased in the blood of coffee drinkers
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| which of the following is a feature of the protein RDA | the recommendations are generous
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| which of the following is a known consequence of excess protein intake in animals and human beings | increased secretion of water
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| all of the following are advantages of vegetarian diets except | vitamin b12 intake is higher
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| all of the following are features of the mediterranean diet plan except | it emphasizes liberal intakes of calcium and iron
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| protein intake needs may increase as a result of illness as well as | when women are lactating
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| people who consume a diet in which meat is the primary source of protein are | both B AND C: thought to be at greater risk for cancer than vegetarians, more likely to develop heart disease than vegetarians
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| regarding a vegetarian diet, recommendations and observations from experts are that | all of the above
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| for people who wish to lose weight, experts might advise them to | consider a more vegetarian eating plan for protein choices
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| What is oen function of the pyloric sphincter | prevents the contents of teh intestines from backing up into the stomach
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| what is bolus | portion of food swallowed at one time
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| which of the following is a function of sphincter muscles | control the passage of food through the GI tract
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| what is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach | creates an optimum acidity
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| what is one function of the gallbladder | stores bile
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| what is the name of the projections on the inner surface of the small intestine |
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| which of the following is a function of the intestinal microvilli | transport of nutrient molecules
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| which of the following conducts lymph into the vascular system | subclavian vein
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| which of the following regulates the ph of the stomach | gastrin
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| the use of an antacid is primarily for which condition | acid indigestion
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| therapy for constipation would include all of the following except | decreasing fiber intake
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| which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells | metabolism
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| What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells | ATP
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| glycolysis is the conversion of | glucose to pyruvate
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| which of the following cannot be formed by acetyl CoA molecules | glucose
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| the cori cycle involves the conversion of | lactic acid and glucose
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| in a triglyceride that contains 54 carbon atoms, how many can become part of glucose | 3
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| when protein consumption is in excess of body needs and energy needs are met the excess amino acids are metabolized and teh energy in the molecules | stored as glycogen and fat
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| what is the most likely reason for having an abnormally high blood urea level | kidney dysfunction
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| after the first day or so of fasting which of the following is most depleted in the body | glycogen
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| how soon would death occur from starvation if the body was unable to shift to a state of ketosis | within 3 weeks
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| which of the following dietary nutrients would most rapidly reverse a state of ketosis in a starving person | carbohydrate
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| a power plant and the body's metabolism are similar in that both | all of the above: generate energy, store unused energy, release energy when needed
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| every time you put on an extra pound of body fat, you can | A AND C: increase blood pressure, become more susceptible to some cancers
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| what would be the approximate weight gain of a person who consumes an excess of 500 kcalories daily for one month | four pounds
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| what instrument is used to measure the energy content of foods | bomb calorimeter
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| external cues that may cause an obese person to respond helplessly to food typically include all the following except | outdoor exercises
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| which of the following is a feature of the basal metabolic rate (BMR) | pregnancy increases the BMR
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| if a dancer and a typist are the same hight and have the exact same body build, the dancer will be heavier because she has | more muscle mass
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| which of teh following describes a feature of body weight standards | the weight-for-height tables are used less frequently than body mass index
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| which of the following is a characteristic associated with using weight measures to assess risk of disease | they fail to quantitate total body fat
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| which of the following defines central obesity | storage of excess fat around the central part of the body
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| what is the major factor that determines metabolic rate | amount of lean body tissue
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| factors that affect food intake include not only hunger and appetite but also | All the Above: genetics, the drive for energy, age
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| what population has been the primary target of body image idealization especially in the american culture | females
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| how has the media contributed to the dieting phenomenon in the united states | by idealizing female models
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| desirable weight might be defined as that weight which | A ND B: is not associated with hypertension, diabetes or heart disease, is associated with the lowest mortality rate
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| in studies performed on women who were able to maintain their lost weight findings showed that | 90 percent of them exercised regularly
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| if people are tying to lose weight and are 20 percent below the predicted equation for size, sex and age for metabolic rate they will | have a harder time burning kcalories and not lose weight
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| all of the following describe the behavior of fat cells Except | the number decreases when fat is lost from the body
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| obesity resulting from an increase in teh number of fat cells is termed | hyperplastic obesity
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| television watching contributes to obesity for all of the following reasons except | it replaces time that could be spent eating
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| what is the recommended rate of weight loss per week for a 250 pound obese individual | 1 percent of body weight
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| which of the following would not be a recommendation of weight-reduction counseling | reduce daily energy intake to less than 1,000 kcalories to overcome the decrease in metabolic rate
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| physical activity is effective in weight management by providing all the following except | increases stress
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| compared to average weight for women in the united states, fashion models are | 23 percent below average
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| if people need to lose 50 pounds of weight and only achieve a 25-pound weight loss, the criteria established by the medical profession consider those people to be | successful
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| people with high waist-to-hip ratios have a higher risk for heart disease and are characterized by shape as | apples
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| a cycle of quick wieght loss and weight regain which causes the body's metabolism to drop is known as | yo yo dieting
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| an extreme surgical procedure such as a gastric bypass, produces dramatic weight loss in morbidly obese people by | restricting the size of the stomach so it holds less food
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| of the most common eating disorders, the one which is most medically dangerous is | anorexia nervosa
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| all of the follwoing are acceptable treatments for bulimia except | treating all people with bulimia in a hospital setting
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| experts believe that the most sound advice for losing weight is | exercise more and eat a healthful diet
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