Discipline & Practice_Final Exam
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| Self-Understanding | It influences our ability to make key decisions about ourselves, our organizations and those around us
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| Self-esteem | A person's measure of his or her overall worth; reflected in personal behavior
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| Self-image | The mental image a person has of him or herself
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| Self-confidence | The degree to which you are secure with your own abilities and facing new challenges
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| Self-determination | Personal motivation; being in charge of your own fate; motivation is the energy that allows a person to meet new challenges.
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| Self-responsibility | The ability to accept consequences for your effort—good, bad, or other; includes the ability to be resilient
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| What are the 7 Nursing Outcomes for MNU? | Aesthetic Literacy; Social Responsibility; Self-Understanding; Scientific Literacy; Critical Thinking; Effective Communication; Spiritual Development
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| What are the 5 components of Emotional Intelligence? | Self-awareness; Empathy; Self-regulation; Internal Motivation; Social Skills
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| Emotional Intelligence | The ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions
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| Who coined the term "Emotional Intelligence?" | Daniel Goleman (1995)
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| Self-awareness | insight regarding one’s own emotions
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| Self-regulation | ability to control one’s impulses and to channel moods constructively
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| Motivation | innate drive to achieve (does not have to do with compensation, title or perks
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| Empathy | ability to consider thoughtfully another’s feelings while making intelligent decisions
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| Social skills | the ability to manage relationships with others
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| What lies at the root of altruism? | Empathy
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| According to Freedman, EI accounts for how much of our success in life? (%) | 80%
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| True or False: Beginning a sentence with "I feel" is a good way to develop EI | T
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| True or False: EI means being able to differentiate between thoughts and feelings | T
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| What should you feel instead of feeling "angry?" | Feeling "energized"
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| What is reflective practice? | defined as the process of making sense of events, situations and actions that occur in the workplace' changing your attitude and opening your perspective
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| Reflection-in-action | refers to the reflective thinking one is doing while one is doing the action
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| Reflection-on-action | occurs, in contrast to reflection- in-action, AFTER the experience has taken place
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| List the 5 steps of EBP | 1) Ask a clinical question; 2) Collect the best and most relevant evidence; 3) Critically appraise the evidence; 4) Integrate evidence with clinical expertise; 5) Evaluate
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| What does PICO stand for? | Population/Problem; Intervention; Comparison; Outcome
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| What is peer review | A panel of experts on the topic has scrutinized and reviewed the paper
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| What is considered the most accurate type of trial? | RCT (Randomized Control Trial)
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| What sets apart an RCT? | All of the participants have an EQUAL chance of making it into the Control and Treatment groups
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| What is Meta-analysis/Systematic Review? | Independent researcher reviews all of the randomized controlled trials on the same issue and ascertains if the evidence is conclusive or if further study is needed.
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| List the Hierarchy of Evidence pyramid from bottom to top | Expert Opinions; Internal organization-quality/risk management data; Systematic Review of Qualitative studies; Case Studies; Well-designed control trials without randomization; 1 well-designed RCT; Systematic Review/Meta-analysis of RCTs
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| What are some reputable databases we can use as nurses? | MEDLINE; CINAHL; Cochrane; EBSCO
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| Explain Quantitative data | Numbers, deductive, measurable, general to specific, starts with theory then tests it (scientific method)
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| Explain Qualitative data | Words, interpretive, grounded in experience, starts with observations to build on a theory, specific to general
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| Bias | having an opinion that influences the research
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| Confidentiality | Ensures that any information the subject provides will not be reported in any manner that identifies the subject; this info will not be accessible to people outside the research team.
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| Anonymity | Even the research can't link the subject to the data
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| Quality Improvement (QI) | A focus on continued study and improvement of the health care process
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| Social Responsiblitiy | the personal involvement of self in nursing’s role and responsibilities to people and society
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| Entering into a covenantal relationship with our patients means we ___ to them | promise
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| Morals | our private, personal standards of what is right and wrong
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| Name some examples of Unprofessional Conduct | Performing beyond scope of practice; physical or verbal abuse to patients or staff; Falsifying pt records; Failing to take action to maintain pt safety; Diversion of drugs; Violating pt confidentiality; Delegating to unqualified people; being unprepared
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| What are Benners Levels (Novice to Expert) in order from least to most experienced? | Novice, Advanced Beginner, Competent, Proficient, Expert
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| Novice | Follows rules; little clinical experience; thinks inside box
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| Advanced Beginner | Task oriented; operates on rules set by preceptor; needs help prioritizing
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| Competent | can prioritize but lacks flexibility and speed
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| Proficient | more flexible, prioritized quickly; notices subtle things
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| Expert | Relies on intuition; ability to predict pt's responses based on experience
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| Novice: Characteristics of Performance | Rely on abstract principles, follow rules, look at the "parts" to the task, detached observer
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| Expert: Characteristics of Performance | Rely on concrete experience, intuition, look at "whole" with some parts being important; wholly engaged participant
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| How can we become an Expert? | Find a mentor; be your own cheerleader/positivity; Build your own confidence; Keep current; Strive to achieve "team confidence;" be a lifelong learner
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| True or False: A patient's perception IS reality | T
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| Caring | universal phenomenon that influences the way people think/feel/behave; helps nurse know patient, identify problems and implement solutions
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| Swanson's Nursing Theory | 1) Knowing (from pt's POV); 2) Maintaining Belief; 3) Being with; 4) Doing for; 5) Enabling
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| Body language accounts for what % of communication? | 90%
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| Examples of contact touch | placing your hand on the patient's shoulder to comfort them
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| Examples of non-contact touch | eye contact, soothing tone of voice
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| Listening provides ____ for the pt | meaning
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| Nurses are torn between which two models? | Task-orientated vs. Human caring model
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| Is there a correlation between IQ & EI? | No
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| What are the main sources of conflict (REMV acronym; we want to remove conflict) | R = Roles; E = Emotion; M = Misinformation; V = Values
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| Which source of conflict is responsible for the greatest conflict (90%!) in our profession? | Miscommunication
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| What are the steps to the communication process | Message - Encode - Send - Decode - Interpret
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| What are some examples of ways to actively listen? | Repeat back "If I heard you correctly..."; Defer judgement; Control desire to mentally argue; Recognize your own prejudices; Shut up! :)
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| What leads to blocked communication? | Unfamiliar terminology, idioms
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| T or F: Silence is a gift | T
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| What are examples of poor communication techniques? | Changing subject, asking too personal of questions, sympathy, giving personal opinions, approval/disapproval, arguing, passive aggressiveness, defensiveness
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| Is it possible to pay attention to someone without speaking? | Yes! Eye contact, facial expression, being engaged
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| What are some benefits that can result from conflict? | > Open mind, creativity, courage
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| What is one tip to resolving conflict? | Don't make conflict personal; "This isn't about me"
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| What are the five different types of conflict management? | Avoidance; Accomodaters; Competitors; Compromisers; Collaborators
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| Avoidance Conflict Management Style | Avoid problem; I lose/you lose; unassertive; uncooperative
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| Accomodator Conflict Management Style | Value relationship over not losing; satisfy others; constantly yielding; when they blow their lid, be prepared; Unassertive, cooperative; I lose/you win
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| Competitor Conflict Management Style | Value opinion over relationship; dominating presence; take control in emergencies; clear stance; Assertive; uncooperative; I win/you lose; use power to win
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| Compromisor Conflict Management Style | Give and take; can both live with compromise; may get more in return later; Part Assertive, Part Cooperative
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| Collaborator Conflict Management Style | win-win; highly assertive & cooperative; willing to listen but also want to be heard; challenge = takes TIME/ no quick fix
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| Steps to Conflict Resolution: | 1) Acknowledge you're in a conflict; 2) What are your goals; 3) Negotiate; 4) Generate, choose, try, repeat
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| Tips to negotiation: Do's | Recognize, share, negotiate, promote, explore alternatives, check yo'self
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| Tips to negotiation: Dont's | make personal, lock up, walk out, block communication, assume
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| When emotions are high, is rational reasoning high or low? | Low
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| What is a rack audit? | Audit $ for Medicare
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| Why should you document? | Limit liability; research; communication; reimbursement via DRG (Diagnostic Related Groups), QA (Quality Assurance), QI (Quality Indicators), and CQI (Continuous Quality Improvement)
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| What does the SOAP acronym stand for (charting aid)? | S = Subjective data "Pt states..."; O = Objective; A = Assessment (Nursing Diagnosis); P = Plan
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| What does the PIE acronym stand for (charting aid)? | P = Problem; I = Intervention; E = Evaluation
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| T or F: Nurses should never chart opinions | T; we should only document FACTS
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| What are some characteristics of correct documentation? | Factual, Accurate, Complete, Current, Organized
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| What disciplines is Nursing Informatics comprised of? | Nursing Science + Computer Science + Information Science
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| Why did the field of Nursing Informatics arise? | Knowledge explosion; Saves pt lives; More efficient; Affordable HC Act; Allows for easier data collection
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| What are some benefits of the Pyxis? | Reduces medication errors; automatically charges to pt's bill; prevents diversion (theft of narcotics)
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| EHR: Advantages | Avoid penmanship errors; safer data; can't hide ANYTHING, remote access, always up-to-date
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| EHR: Disadvantages | Loss of privacy; at mercy of hackers; misuse of info; unethical or illegal use
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| How can we as nurses mitigate the risks of the EHR? | Change passwords, logging off after use, protect pt info; HIPAA; printed info
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| Culture | specific behavioral pattern that distinguishes society and gives meaning to human expression
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| How to become culturally competent | Value diversity; acute awareness of cultural dynamics; actively seek knowledge; adapt to the other culture where possible; don't stereotype
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| LEP | Limited English Proficiency; increases error 2x
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| What blocks cultural sensitivity | ethnocentrism; stereotyping; prejudice; discrimination; racism
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| What are some categories of health care disparities? | Socioeconomic; rural groups
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| Name the Professionalism values: | 1) Altruism (selfless concern for others); 2) Autonomy (self-determination); 3) Human Dignity; 4) Integrity (act ethically); 5) Social Justice (fairness)
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| 9 provisions in the code of ethics | !!!Study from ANA Ethics book...dignity & respect of all individuals; primary commitment to protect health, safety & rights of pt; advocate for pt; preserve own integrity; responsible for own practice
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| What organization protects the public from incompetent nurses? | State Board of Nursing
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| Is assault verbal or physical? | verbal
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| Is battery verbal or physical? | physical
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| Good Sam Laws | Identify self as RN; ask permission to perform task; stay w/in scope of practice; need to be CPR certified; don't accept ANY compensation
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| What is balanced in a therapeutic relationship? | dignity + autonomy + privacy
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| What makes Professionhood different from Profession? | Professionhood = whom we are; way of being; what we commit to (vs. professionalism = how we carry ourselves)
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| Name some nursing roles: | Caregiver; pt advocate; case manager; communicator; teacher; leader; research consumer; counselor; clinical decision maker; change agent
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| What level of Benner's theory are we at currently? | Novice
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| What level of Benner's theory should we be at by our capstone? | Advanced Beginner
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| What level of Benner's theory should we be at after working for year? | Competent
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| What are the criteria of a profession? | Vital to humanity/society; Special body of knowledge that's continually growing through research; Educated practitioners; Independent Control; Accountability; Code of Ethics; Encourages & Supports high standards of practice
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| What does HIPAA stand for? | Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act
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| Spirituality | What the person considers as truth to be followed; how you relate to a higher power; core essence of whom we are
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| What are the components of spirituality? | 1) Meaning; 2) Values; 3) Transcendence; 4) Connecting w/; 5) Becoming
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| Meaning | making sense of life; finding one's purpose
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| Values | cherished beliefs; what's important to the person
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| Transcendence | Experiences beyond self; beyond explanation; what helps the person get through difficult situations
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| Connecting w/ | Religion can play a role here; connecting with others, nature, sacred place, music, etc.
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| Becoming | Reflection on who we are
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| What lies at the intersection of religion and spirituality? | Faith
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| Which type of nurse requires an extra certificate and can assist the surgeon with procedures? | First Assist (FA)
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| Which nurse hands the surgeon the tools he needs? | Scrub nurse
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| How many levels of care are there in the NICU? | I, II & III
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| What are some characteristics of acute care? | Fast-paced, highly skilled, high demand, flexible shifts
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| An NP is pt-centered, while a PA is ___ | disease-centered
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| Which is more specialized: NP or PA? | NP
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| Is a PA able to practice without the supervision of a physician? | No
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| What % of nurses work in the community? | 70%
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| What are some advantages that nurses say come with working in the community? | Greater autonomy, connection with patients, and better than being overworked & understaffed
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| What are some examples of things a Home Health Nurse can do? | Hospice, mental health, wound care, administer meds, prenatal & postnatal checkup
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| Where can evidence be found when performing research? | Bibliographic databases; agency policies; procedure manuals; QI data; Clinical Practice Guidelines
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| What is the gold standard of research? | RCT
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| What is the purpose of QI & EBP? | To improve health care & knowledge base
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| What came out of the Tuskegee Syphilis trial? | Informed Consent
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| What are the 5 key characteristics of magnet hospitals? | Transformational Leadership; Structural Empowerment; Exemplary Professional Practice; New Knowledge, Innovations & Improvements; Empirical Outcomes
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| What membership benefits can ANA members receive? | Auto insurance; Life insurance; Liability Insurance; Financial Planning
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| Why is Critical Thinking important? | Nurses do it constantly; required for accreditation; safe nursing care; part of educational process; essential for functioning in soceity
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| What are the 3 levels of Critical Thinking? | 1) Basic; 2) Complex (more independent); 3) Commitment (self-determination; make opinions on your own)
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| What are the 5 components of Critical Thinking? | 1) Knowledge (science, communication, nursing); 2) Experience (personal, loved one, clinicals, etc.); 3) Attitudes; 4) Intellectual Standards; 5) Competencies
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| Name attitudes a nurse should possess | Confidence, independent thinking, fairness, accountability, curiosity, creativity, risk taking, integrity, humility
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| Intellectual Standards | thought processes (SBARR/ISBARR)
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| Professional Standards | ANA, AACN, JCAHO
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| General competencies as a nurse | scientific process + problem solving + decision-making
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| What is written down in the Nursing Care Plan | Essentially the Nursing Process (ADPIE)
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| Which nursing organization lobbies Congress? | ANA
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| When is national nurses week? | May 6-12
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| ICN stands for | International Council of Nurses
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| NSNA stands for | Nursing Student Nurses Association
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| Which nursing association only represents baccalaureate and higher degree education? | AACN (American Assoc. of Colleges of Nursing)
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| Which nursing organization recognizes achievement in nurseing? | AAN (American Academy of Nursing)
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| Which nursing organization will give us our license if we pass N-CLEX-RN? | KSBN
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| Sigma Theta Tau is | Nursing Honor Society
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| Who are student nurses accountable to? | State Board of Nursing, patient, institution, profession, self, society, physicians
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| What constitutes malpractice? | Duty (The nurse owed a duty to the patient); Breach
(The nurse didn’t carry out the duty); Causation
(The patient was injured); Damages
(The patient’s injury was a result of the nurse’s failure to carry out the duty/negligence)
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| What are the stages of Cultural Competence? | Unconscious Incompetence; Conscious Incompetence (begin to understand but lack knowledge); Conscious Competence (actively seek and obtain but can't implement); Unconscious Competence (automatic)
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| Cultural Assessment | A systematic and comprehensive examination of the cultural care, values, beliefs, and practices of individuals, families and communities
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| What does TIGER stand for | Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform
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| Goals of TIGER initiative | Identify best practices; Provide nurse education; Create/disseminate local & global plans useful in healthcare
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| Which emotions contribute negatively toward communication? | Pain, anger, fear, anxiety, fatigue
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| Name the 7 steps in the Problem Solving Process | Encounter the problem; Collect data; Analyze data; ID the problem; Determine plan of action (decision making); Carry out the plan; Evaluate plan and outcome; Terminate/modify plan (Aligns w/ ADPIE)
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