Vocab for 3.2 Biology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Active Site | The site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate
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| Amino Acid | An organic molecule that contains a carboxyl and an amino group and that makes up proteins; a protein monomer
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| Carbohydrate | An organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things
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| Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | The information that directs the characteristics of an organism and directs its cell activities
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| Disaccharide | A sugar formed from two monosaccharides
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| Enzyme | A type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed
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| Fatty Acid | An organic acid that is contained in lipids, such as fats or oils
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| Lipid | A large, nonpolar organic molecule, including fats and steroids; lipids store energy and make up cell membranes
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| Monosaccharide | A simple sugar that is the basic subunit, or monomer, of a carbohydrate
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| Nucleic Acid | An organic compound, either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information
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| Nucleotide | In a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base
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| Peptide Bond | The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid
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| Phospholipid | A lipid that contains phosphorous and that is a structural component in cell membranes
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| Polypeptide | A long chain of several amino acids
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| Polysaccharide | One of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars; polysaccharides including starch, cellulose, and glycogen
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| Protein | An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells
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| Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) | A natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis
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| Steroid | A type of lipid that consists of four carbon rings to which various functional groups are attached and that usually has a physiological action
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| Substrate | A part, substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another part, substance, or element; the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes
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| Wax | A type of structural lipid consisting of a long fatty-acid chain that is joined to a long alcohol chain
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