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Maps and Globes

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Term
Definition
hemisphere   half a sphere; divides the world into 4 spheres: northern, southern, eastern, western  
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continent   large body of land, there are 7 continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, Antarctica  
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country   has it's own government and definite boundaries, usually a single language and common customs  
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longtitude   imaginary vertical lines measuring the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian  
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latitude   an imaginary horizontal line measuring the distance north or south of the Equator  
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Prime Meridian   longitude line at zero degrees, divides the eastern and western hemispheres  
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Equator   latitude line at zero degrees, divides the northern and southern hemispheres  
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cardinal directions   north, south, east, west  
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intermediate directions   northeast, southeast, southwest, northwest  
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compass rose   picture illustrating cardinal and intermediate directions  
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key   explains what symbols on a map stand for  
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scale   explains the relationship between distance on earth and the distance on the map  
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legend   same as a key- explains what symbols on a map stand for  
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political map   shows the boundaries between states and countries  
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physical map   highlights natural features of a landmass ex: trees, grass, shrubs  
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relief map   a physical map that uses shading to show different areas of the land: mountains, valleys, plains  
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historial map   shows where events took place in the past  
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elevation map   physical map that uses color to show how high or low a landmass is  
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globe   a 3-dimensional map shaded as a sphere  
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road map   shows streets and highways  
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population density   number of people living in an area  
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land forms   shapes on earth's surface- mountains, hills  
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mountains   large raised land, higher than the surrounding areas  
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island   land completely surrounded by water  
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peninsula   area of land almost completely surrounded by water on 3 sides  
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lake   large body of water surrounded by land  
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source of a river   where a river starts  
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mouth of a river   place where a river flows into another body of water  
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natural resource   materials found in nature that meet the needs and wants of people  
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conversation   careful use and protection of natural resources  
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non-renewable resources   resources that can't be replaced ex: coal, oil, natural gas used to heat homes can not be used more than once  
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renewable resources   resourced that can be replaces ex: forests can grow and grow, new trees are planted  
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mineral   a substance found in the earth that is neither a plant or an animal ex: iron, copper  
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fossil fuel   fuels formed over millions of years ago from fossils (remains of dead plants/animals)  
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environment   all the surroundings in which people, animals and plants live  
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pollution   something (such as harmful chemicals) that makes our air, soil and water dirty  
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recycle   use something again - a way of conservation  
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tundra   area of grass, moss, plants and few trees - high latitude locations  
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