Ch 2 Sugery
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| Admission Status: ambulatory (out pt) | Pt enters sitting, has sugery procedure,and is discharged on the same day
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| Admission Status: Samd day admitt | Pt enters hospital,undergoes sugery asme day, remains for convalescence
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| Admission Status: Inpatient | Pt is admitted to hospital, undergoes sugery same day and remains for convelance
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| Major sugery | Involves extensive reconstruction or alteration in body parts that poses great risk to well being
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| Minor sugery | Involves minimal alteration in body parts; often to correct deformities; involves minimal risk
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| Elective sugery | Sugery Preformed on the basis of pt choice
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| Urgent sugery | Sugery Necessary for pts health
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| Emergency Sugery | Must be done immediately to save pt life or preserve function of body parts
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| Diagnostic Sugery | Sugerical exploration to conform dx
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| Ablation Sugery | Exscision or removal of diseased body part
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| Palliative Sugery | Relieves or reduces intensity of disease symptoms
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| Reconstruction Sugery | Restore function or apperance to traumatized or malfunction organ
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| Transplant Sugery | Replace malfunction organ
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| Constructive Sugery | Restores function loss or reduces as a result of congental abnormalities
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| ST: Anastomosis | Surgical joining of two ducks or blood vessels to allow folw from one to another (bypass)
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| ST:-ectomy | Surgical removal of a body part
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| ST:-lysis | distruction of
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| ST:-orrhaphy | sugerical repair of
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| ST:-oscopy | direct visualization by a scope
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| ST:-ostomy | opening is made to allow pallage of drainage
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| ST:-otomy | opening in to
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| ST:-pexy | fixation
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| ST:-plasty | plastic sugery
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | Skills of assment (vit.)
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | assist in post operative exercise
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | Review turning method
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | Inform staff to inform when pt can not preform exercise correctly
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | Coordinat pt preperation/removals
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | Instruct ap in proper precautions
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | Observe/precaution of iv placement
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | Steril skills
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | Iniating and managing post/ pre operative care
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| Deligation considerations for assistive personnel | to apply nasal cannula 02 mask basic comfort & hygiene measures
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| Review of Medications:A | Allergy to medications
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| Review of Medications:B | Bleedng tendencies
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| Review of Medications:C | Cortisone or steroid use
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| Review of Medications:D | Diabetes mellitus
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| Review of Medications:E | emboli, previous embolic events
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| Surgical Effects on body systems: Cardio | MI, dysrhythmias, and hypertension
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| Surgical Effects on body systems: Endocrine | Liver disease alters motablism of drugs and Diavetes Mellitus cause pt to be susceptible to ingections and impaired wound healing
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| Surgical Effects on body systems: Gastrointestinal | Hiatil hernia, ulcers, esophagel varices(pre/post op meds may be needed to control gastric acid)
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| Surgical Effects on body systems:Immune | Aids, allerhies, immune dificiency ( disease slows the bodys ability to fight off infection/delay wound healing after sugery)
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| Surgical Effects on body systems:Neurological | Seizres, myasthenia gravis, cerebal vascular accident(pt need a ck of therapiutic levels of meds NO muscel relaxants,communication, body paralysis, visual disturbances, high risk fo injury)
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| Surgical Effects on body systems:Respiratory | Tumors, COPD, Emphysema, Asthma (Gas exchanged slowed, Anesthetic reduce resp function increasing risk for severy Hypoventilation)
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| Surgical Effects on body systems:Uninary | Renal failure and Tumors (Impaired kidney function decreases wxcretion of anesthesia and alters acidbase balance)
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| Lab test for surgical patient | uriaryalysis,cbc, Blood chemistry (endocrine, heptic, renal, and cardio functions),serum electrolytes (if potassium not adepuate sysrhythmias can occure during anesthesia)
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| Diagnostic Imaging for the surgical patient | Chest roentgenogram & Electrocardiogram (used to view resp/cardio camage
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| Inform Consent | Premission pbtained from the patient to preform a spicific test or procedure
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| When should you not obtain concent? | If Pt is disorented, unconscious, mentally incompetent or under the influence of sedatives
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| Gasrtric Preparation | NOP (GI)empty stomach & GoLYTELY (rappid evalcuate th bowels)
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| Skin Preparation | dipliatory (w/o injury to the skin) and sddess for impairment ( infection, irritation, bruises, or lesions)
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| Allergy considerations | No Latex
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| Respiratory Preparation:Incentive Spirometry | to incourage deep brething, prevent/ treat atelectasis, inprove lung expansion, improve o2, post op pneumonia improvement
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| Respiratory Preparation:Flow oriented insperatory spirometer | Measures inspiration not volume
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| Respiratory Preparation:Volume oriented spiratometer | maintain known volum of inspiration
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| Cardiovascular considerations: | Need to turn, cough, deep breath, leg exercise (to prevent thrombus, emboulus, infract)
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| Vital signs | BP, Temp, Pulse, Respiratory, O2%
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| Surgical Wound: Incisions | Cuts produced to open
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| Surgical Wound:Closure | Suture, staples, steri-strips, transparent strips
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| Anesthesia | General: Immobile, quiet, no recall
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| Anesthesia stage:I | begins with the patient awake as administration of anesthetic agents
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| Anesthesia stage:II | begining w/loss of consciousness and ends w/ onset of regular breathing and loss of eyelid reflexes
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| Anesthesia stage:III | Behining w/onset of regular brething and ends w/ ceassation or respirations (operative phase)
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| Anesthesia stage:VI | Behins w/the cessation of respirations and must be must be avoided
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| Surgical: Induction | Administration and intubation
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| Surgical: Maintenance | Positioning, Prep of skin
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| Surgical: Emergence | anesthetics are decreased and pt awaken
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| Regional Anesthesia | loss of sensation in one area of the body (nerve block, spinal anesthesia, epidural anest.,intervenious regional anest.)
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| Local anesthesia | loss of sensation at the desired site (growth on skin/cornea of the eye)
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| Conscious Sedation | CNS depressent drug
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| Sugerical ABC's | A-airway B-Beathing C-circulation S-system review
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| Activity | 1. level of alertness2. Cardio vascular3. Moter Status
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| Paralytic ileus | a decrease in or absence of intestinal peitaneal trauma and severe metabolic disease and other conditions
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