MD Biology Chapter 4.2, 4.3, 5.1 & 5.2 Vocabulary
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| Ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under circumstances that differ from their optimal conditions. | tolerance
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| Area where an organism lives, including the biotic and abiotic factors that affect it. | habitat
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| Full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions. | niche
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| Any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space. | resource
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| Principle that states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time. | competitive exclusion principle
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| Interaction in which on organism captures and feeds on another organism. | predation
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| Interaction in which one animal feeds on producers. | herbivory
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| Single species that is not usually abundant in a community yet exerts strong control on the structure of a community. | keystone species
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| Relationship in which two species live close together. | symbiosis
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| Symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship. | mutualism
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| Symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it. | parasitism
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| Symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither helped or harmed. | commensalism
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| Series of gradual changes that occur in a community following a disturbance. | ecological succession
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| Succession that occurs in an area in which no trace of a previous community is present. | primary succession
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| First species to populate an area during succession. | pioneer species
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| Type of succession that occurs in an area that was only partially destroyed by disturbances. | secondary succession
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| Number of individuals per unit area. | population density
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| Number of males and females of each age in a population. | age structure
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| Movement of individuals into an area occupied by an existing population. | immigration
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| Movement of individuals out of an area. | emigration
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| Growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate. | exponential growth
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| Growth pattern in which a population's growth slows and then stops following a period of exponential growth. | logistic growth
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| Largest number of individuals of a particular species that a particular environment can support. | carrying capacity
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| Factor that causes population growth to decrease. | limiting factor
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| Limiting factors that depends on population density. | density-dependent limiting factor
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| Limiting factors that affect all populations in similar ways, regardless of the population density. | density-independent limiting factor
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