Theory nitrates
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| All nitrates are known collectively as | Nitrovasodilators
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| All nitrates lead to the formation of what chemical? | Nitric oxide
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| Pharmacological what effect do nitrates have on the body | Venous and arterial dilation: Dilation of veins predominates over that of arteriolar. As a result, a decrease in left and right ventricular EDP(preload) and a smaller decrease in systemic arterial pressure(after load).
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| Venous and arterial dilation causes what in the heart | Decreasing myocardial workload and oxygen demand
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| The realize of NO can cause e activation of what chemical | Cyclic GMP (cGMP)
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| cGMP causes vasodilation by | Decreasing calcium levels in the cell
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| What are are anti-anginals used for | Treatment and prevention if angina pectoris
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| What are some side effects of nitroglycerin | Hypotension, headache,dizziness,tachycardia,flushing
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| How is sublingual nitroglycerin administered | 1 tablet every 5 mins until, pain subsides or significant drop in BP. No more than 4-5 tabs if still in pain call i911
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| What is nitric oxide and what is it do | Free radical, inducescoronary vasodilation
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| How do nitrates cause a reduction in venous return (preload) | increasing the venous capacitance causing pooling of blood in peripheral veins in there there by a reduction in venous return and ventricular volume
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| True or false nitrates are better arterial then Venus dilators | False
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| What is the gold standard of acute angina | Sublingual nitroglycerin
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| To decrease the notorious nitrate tolerance, an"on/off strategy of at least ____ -______ nitrate-free interval" is practiced | 10-hour
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| Intra-coronary NTG is used to minimize ischemia I do to coronary spasm true or false | True
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| How does NTG relieve angina | It increases oxygen supply to the heart muscle
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| The body relaxes vascular smooth muscle in that in arterial walls by releasing its own supply of | Nitric oxide
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| Nitro paste is administered in what units of measure | Inches
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| IV NTG is stored in class rather than plastic because | NTG is in activated by polyvinylchloride plastic
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| Nitroglycerin would be contraindicated in | Severe hypotension
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| Nitrates cause vasodilation by | Relaxing vascular smooth muscle
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| Overdosage of sodium nitroprusside can result in cyanide poisoning the reversal agent for this Toxicity | Methylene blue
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| The mechanism of nitroglycerin's effect on vascular smooth muscle is | Preventing calcium from initiating actin and myosin and coupling
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| Reducing preload and afterload a reduces angina on by | Decreasing myocardial oxygen demand
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| The usual sub lingual does a nitroglycerin | 0.4 mg
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| nitroglycerin sublingual tablets should not be chewed because of reduction in potency caused by | First pass metabolism
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