MD Freshman Biology Chapter 2 Vocabulary
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| Scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment. | ecology
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| Illustration of the relative amount of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or web. | ecological pyramid
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| Photosynthetic algae found near the surface of the ocean. | phytoplankton
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| A step in the food chain or web. | tropic level
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| Organism that obtains food by consuming other living things. | heterotroph
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| The process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates. | chemosynthesis
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| Organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals. | omnivore
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| Organism that break down and obtains energy from dead organism matter. | decomposer
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| Organism that relies on others for food. | consumer
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| Organism that feeds on plants and animal remains and other dead matter. | detritivore
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| A series of steps in a ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten. | food chain
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| Assemblage of different population that live together in a defined area. | community
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| Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area. | population
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| A group of similar of organisms that can breed fertile offspring. | species
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| Physical or nonliving factor that shape an ecosystem. | abiotic factor
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| Organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and us it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds. | autotroph
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| Organism that obtains energy by eating animals. | carnivore
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| First producer of energy rich compounds that are later used by other organisms. | primary producer
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| Organisms that obtain their energy by eating only plants. | herbivore
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| Process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reaction that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy rich carbohydrates. | photosynthesis
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| Part of earth in which life exists including land, air, water, and atmosphere. | biosphere
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| Animal that consumes the carcus of other animals. | scavenger
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| The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level. | biomass
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| Network of complex interaction formed by the feeding relation among the various organism in a ecosystem. | food web
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| All the organisms that live in a place together with a nonliving environment. | ecosystem
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| A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms. | biome
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| Process of converting nitrogen gas in to nitrogen compound that plants can absorb and use. | nitrogen fixation
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| Small free floating animals that form part of plankton. | zooplankton
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| Single essential nutrient that limits productivity in an ecosystem. | limiting nutrient
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| Process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another. | biogeochemical cycle
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| Any living part of the environment with which an organism might interact. | biotic factor
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| Process by which soil bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas. | denitrification
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| Chemical substance that an organism needs to sustain life. | nutrient
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