Pharmacology Exam 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Why would you use aerosol delivery for a med? | Deliver drug to site of action with limited systemic effect.
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| When aerosolized what happens if the particle size is too large? Too small? | Too large: it becomes an irritant. Too small: not effective
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| Examples of pulmonary drugs: | Bronchodilators, Mucolytics, antibiotics, surfactants
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| List three ways aerosolized drugs can be delivered. | 1. Nebulizers (liquid to fine mist); 2. DPI (Dry Powder Inhaler); 3. MDI (Metered Dose Inhaler) with the use of a propellant
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| List some disadvantages to aerosol therapy. | Getting the correct dose to the appropriate location, Deposition of drug in oral mucosa, Altered breathing pattern
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| What are three disadvantages specifically for Nebulizers? | Duration of treatment; Improper cleaning after each use (allows growth of infective agents); May experience greater side effects
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| Atopy means: | Being predispositioned to allergic disease. This underlies most cases of asthma.
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| What level is usually high with asthma? | Immunoglobulin E (IG E) levels are usually high
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| Two features of an inflamed airway are: | 1. Widened smooth muscle; 2. Larger mucus glands
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| The three goals when treating pulmonary disease such as asthma are: | 1. Terminate acute bronchial constriction; 2. Reduce Inflammation; 3. Reduce hypersecretion of mucus.
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| What is unique about COPD airflow limitation? | It is not reversible.
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| Treatment goals for COPD are: | 1. Reduce inflammation; 2. Relieve bronchoconstriction; 3. Reduce the risk of or treat infection; 4. Control the cough.
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| What happens when a patient has COPD and gets a respiratory infection? | The function of the tissue in the lung fails, Extra secretions are present, the environment is warm and dark (Perfect breading ground for bacteria)
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| Name two drugs that stimulate both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors? | Epinephrine and Isoproterenol
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| What is the advantage of selective beta 2 agonists verses non=selective agonists? | Fewer side effects
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| What are some uses for epinephrine as a pulmonary drug? | Acute bronchoconstriction; Rapid therapeutic effect; bronchiolitis; RSV, Status asthmaticus
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| The term SABA refers to what? | Short Acting Beta Agonists which include ultra-short acting, short acting, and intermediate acting beta adrenergic agonists
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| Ultra-short acting Beta 2 Agonists include: | Isoproterenol (Isuprel) and Isoetharine (Bronkosol)
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| Short acting Beta 2 Agonists include: | Metaproterenol (Metaprel, Alupent); Terbutaline (Brethine); Pirbuterol (Maxair)
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| Intermediate acting Beta 2 Agonists include: | Albuterol (Proventil); Levalbuterol (Xopenex); Bitolterol (Tornalate)
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| Long acting beta 2 agonists include: | Salmeterol (Servent - no acute response) and Formoterol (Foradil - minor acute response)
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| The term LABA refers to what? | Long Acting Beta Agonists
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| Side effects of SABA and LABA when inhaled in high dose include: | Shaking, nervousness, and tachycardia
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| Why would tachycardia be a side effect of beta 2 selective agonist when taken in high doses? | In high enough doses, it will attach to all the beta 2 receptors and the overflow will then attach to beta 1 receptors due to the affinity and dose.
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Created by:
brian.belson
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