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Science Review 2

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Acid   Substance that dissolves rock  
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Adaptation   Changes that help an organism survive and reproduce  
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Agricultural   Having to do with farming  
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Aquatic   Having to do with water  
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Aquifer   Underground water storage  
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Asexual Reproduction   Reproduction by one parent  
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Beach   Area along the shore covered with weathered rock bits  
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Biodiversity   A variety of living things  
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Biomass   Living or once living matter  
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Biome   Specific location with specific climate, plants, and animals  
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Canyon   Area carved into the earth's surface by river erosion  
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Catastrophe   Any misfortune, in this case, a sudden disaster  
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Chemical Weathering   Acid rain or oxidation  
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Chromosomes   Structures that hold the DNA (genes)  
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Climax Community   Final, stable stage of ecological succession  
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Compost   Decaying matter (Temp. increases during process)  
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Condensation   Water turning from vapor to liquid  
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Consumer   An organism that eats other things for energy  
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Contraction   Shortening  
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Delta   Area of deposition caused by the slowing of water  
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Deposition   Drops off eroding material  
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Dichotomous key   Used to identify items with paired statements  
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Dissolution   Break apart-usually in liquid  
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Dominant Trait   Feature that is seen in organism (phenotype). Represented by a capital letter  
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Downstream   Further in the direction the water flows  
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Dune   Build up of sand or other material due to the wind  
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Earthquake   Movement caused by plate tectonic  
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Ecological Succession   Gradual changes to an ecosystem over time  
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Ecoregion   A specific region with specific plants, animals, and climate  
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Ecosystem   All the biotic and abiotic features in a particular area  
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Energy Pyramid   Model showing energy movement in an ecosystem  
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Erosion   Moving of weathered material  
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Evacuated   Moved to another area  
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Evaporation   Change of state from liquid to gas  
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Excessive   Too much  
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Expansion   Increase in amount or size  
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Exposed   Showing, visible  
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Extensions   Parts that stick out past the body  
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External   Outside  
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Extremely   A lot  
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Fertilizer   Chemicals used to increase plant growth  
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Flood   Too much water with nowhere to go to  
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Food Chain   A chain showing the food source to a consumer  
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Food Web   Shows overlapping food chains  
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Formation   Something created e.g. cliff or canyon  
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Gene   DNA, determines traits of an offspring  
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Geoligist   Scientist who studies rocks and minerals  
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Geotropism   Plant growth in response to gravity  
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Germinate   Begin to grow  
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Glacier   Huge mass of ice  
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Gradient   Scale that goes up  
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Habitat   Where a particular organism lives  
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Heredity   Passing on of traits from parents to offspring  
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Hurricane   Huge area of low pressure, giant storm  
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Impact   Hit  
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Ingesting   Take in  
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Intensity   How strong or weak something is  
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Internal   Inside  
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Mechanical Weathering   Ice wedging, heating and contracting, plant roots, mass wasting  
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Mountain   Built up pile of rocks  
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Mudslide   Self-Explanatory  
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Natural Selection   Breeding without human interference  
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Negative   Opposite of; not good  
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Nucleus   Structure in cell the holds chromosomes (like the brains!)  
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Nutrient   Organic matter that provides needed materials for an organisms  
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Percolation   Movement of water down through soil and rock  
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Phenomenom   Event  
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Photosynthesis   Process by which plants make sugar  
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Phototropism   Plant growth in response to light  
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Pioneer Organism   First organism in an area  
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Pollutant   Something bad for the environment  
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Positive   Good  
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Precipitation   Water falling from the sky in any form  
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Primary Succession   The first stage of succession. It's basically rock  
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Producer   Plant  
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Recessive trait   Not expressed trait. Represented by a lowercase letter  
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Response   Reaction to a stimulus  
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Run-off   Water moving downhill  
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Saffir-Simpson scale   Rates the intensity of Hurricanes  
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Saturation   Completely full  
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Secondary Succession   The second stage of succession. It begins with soil  
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Sediment   Broken down substances that have settled somewhere  
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Selective Breeding   Human interference in the breeding process  
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Sexual Reproduction   Reproduction that requires two parents  
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Stimulus   An action that causes a response  
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Sustainability   Continues on and on  
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Tornado   Vortex of wind  
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Tributaries   Smaller streams that feed into larger streams  
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Turgor Pressure   Water pressure that help keep the plant upright  
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Volcano   Location where molten rock emerges from the earth  
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Water Table   Water level underground  
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Watershed   Land area that provides run-off for a river  
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Weathering   Breaking down of rocks by mechanical or chemical means  
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3 examples of Mechanical Weathering   Freezing, Thawing, Wind Erosion, Wave Erosion, Heating and Contraction, Plant Roots, Gravity  
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1 type of Chemical Weathering   Acid Rain, Oxidation  
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Why are adaptations necessary?   Survival and Reproduction  
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Which carries more sediment, Fast Streams, or Slow Streams   Fast Streams  
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What is the correct scientific term for downward movement of water through pores and spaces in the ground   Percolation  
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What is the function of roots?   Store Water, Absorb Nutrients and Water  
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What is the function of leaves?   Make food  
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Which way should the arrows point in a food chain or food web?   Toward the organism getting the energy (toward the eater)  
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3 ways humans affect the environment   Water Pollution, Air Pollution, Land Pollution  
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