Microbiology-Bio 11
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| Antibody | a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen.
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| Antigen | a toxin or other foreign substance that ind
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| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
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| Host cell | an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives.
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| Lymphocyte | a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system.
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| Lysogenic cycle | characterized by integration of the bacteriophage nucleic acid into the host bacterium's genome or formations of a circular replicon in the bacterium's cytoplasm.
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| Lytic cycle | The lytic cycle results in the destruction of the infected cell and its membrane.
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| Membranous envelope | The double-layered membrane enclosing the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. The nuclear envelope has pores that allow the passage of materials into and out of the nucleus.
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| Mucous membrane | an epithelial tissue that secretes mucus and that lines many body cavities and tubular organs including the gut and respiratory passages.
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| Nucleic acid core | The nucleic acids are genetic instructions for viral activity and reproduction.
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| Phagocytic white blood cell | are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells.
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| Primary line of defence | physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection. These include your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow, ‘friendly’ bacteria and white blood cells called neutrophils.
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| Protein capsid | the protein shell of a virus
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| RNA | Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic information.
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| Secondary line of defence | The second line of defence is a group of cells, tissues and organs that work together to protect the body. This is the immune system.
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| Tertiary line of defence | Tetiary line of defense are antibodies.
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| Viral specificity | virus is selective in the organisms it infects, the type of cells and the disease it produces.
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| White blood cell | any of various nearly colorless cells of the immune system that circulate mainly in the blood and lymph and participate in reactions to invading microorganisms or foreign particles, comprising the B cells, T cells, macrophages, monocytes
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| Aerobic repiration | the release of energy from glucose or another organic substrate in the presence of Oxygen.
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| Antibiotic | a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.
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| Antiseptic | denoting substances that prevent the growth of disease-causing microorganisms.
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| Bacteria | member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms that have cell walls but lack organelles and an organized nucleus, including some that can cause disease.
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| Binary fission | a kind of asexual reproduction.
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| Classification | the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics.
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| Conjugation | the formation or existence of a link or connection between things
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| Disinfectant | a chemical liquid that destroys bacteria.
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| Ecological Role | The place or function of a given organism within its ecosystem.
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| Fermentation | the chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat.
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| Motility | he ability to move spontaneously and actively, consuming energy in the process.
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| Mutate/Mutation | change or cause to change in form or nature.
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| Photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
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| Prokaryote | a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles.
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| Resistant/Resistance | The natural or genetic ability of an organism to avoid or repel attack by biotic agents
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