Ecology Terms
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| Ecosystem | all of the abiotic factors and biotic factors interacting in a specific area
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| Abiotic Factors | all of the non-living factors
Examples: rocks, water, temperature
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| Biotic Factors | all of the living or once alive factors
Examples: plants, animals, fungus
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| Producer | an organism that collects sunlight and creates its own food through photosynthesis Example: cactus
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| Consumer | an organism that gets energy from eating other organisms
Example: mountain lion
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| Herbivore | an organism that eats only plants
Example: desert tortoise
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| Carnivore | an organism that eats only other animals
Example: rattlesnake
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| Omnivore | an organism that eats both plants and animals
Example: black bear
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| Scavenger | an organism that eats already dead animals
Example: vultures
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| Decomposer | an organism that gets its energy by breaking down dead plants and animals
Example: Bacteria
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| Food Chain | an diagram that shows how energy flows from one producer through a single line of consumers
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| Primary Consumer | first consumer in the food chain
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| Secondary Consumer | second consumer in the food chain
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| Tertiary Consumer | last consumer in the food chain, top predator
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| Food Web | a diagram that shows how energy passes from many organisms, producers and consumers
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| Energy Pyramid | a diagram that shows the amount of energy that passes to each level of the food chain
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| 3 states of matter | solid, liquid, and gas
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| Water Cycle | a diagram that shows how water cycles on our planet
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| Precipitation | when water falls from the sky
examples: rain, snow, sleet, hail
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| Evaporation | when water changes to gas
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| Condensation | when water vapor becomes liquid
*how clouds are made
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| Transpiration | when water evaporates from plant leaves
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| Carbon Cycle | a diagram that shows how carbon cycles on our planet
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| Respiration | when organisms take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide gas
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| Combustion | when industries take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide gas
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| Photosynthesis | when plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen gas
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| Decomposition | when decomposers take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide when they break down dead organisms
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| Biome | large areas around the world that have the same temperatures and plants
Examples: Desert, Tundra, Rainforest
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| Community | many different populations in one area
example: owls, bluebirds, and squirrels living in the same tree
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| Population | a group of organisms of the same species or kind
example: group of killer whales
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| Organism | one living thing
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| Habitat | an area that supplies an organism with everything it needs such as shelter, food, water, and a niche
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| Niche | a job or role an organism has in its environment
example: bacteria bread down dead material
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| Predator | an animal that hunts organisms
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| Prey | an animal hunted by a predator
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| Biodiversity | the amount of different kinds of organisms in an ecosystem
high biodiversity=stable ecosystem
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| Limiting Factors | any factor that limits the growth of a population of organisms
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| Carrying Capacity | the number of organisms an ecosystem can support
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| Habitat Loss | when habitat is destroyed by natural reasons or people
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| Invasive species | organisms that are not native to the ecosystem
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| Natural Resources | resources that are taken from nature, not man-made
Examples: minerals, water, sunlight, wind, heat
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