Intro Comm - Chapter 10
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Brainstorming | An idea-gathering process in which group members offer whatever ideas they wish before any are debating.
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| Nominal Group Technique (NGT) | An idea-generating process in which group members generate their initial ideas silently and independently and then combine them and consider them as a group.
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| Ideawriting | An idea-generating process in which each member adds 3 or 4 ideas to a pile & then offers comments on others' ideas. Afterward, members respond to comments made about their ideas and generate a master list of ideas worthy of consideration.
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| Unanimous Consensus | Uncontested support for a decision - sometimes the only option in a group's decision-making process.
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| Stalemate | An outcome where members' opinions are so sharply divided that consensus is impossible to achieve.
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| False Consensus | An outcome where some members of a group say the support the unanimous decision even though they do not.
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| Majority Rule | A decision-making process that follows the will of the majority.
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| Minority Rule | A decision-making process in which a small number of members makes a decision on behalf of the group.
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| Expert Opinion | Recommendations of individuals who have expertise in a particular area that are sometimes the basis of a group's decision-making process.
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| Authority Rule | A decision-making process in which the leader of the group makes the decisions.
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| Traits | Defining characteristics of a person that are often relatively enduring and not easily changeable.
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| Physical Traits | The body's physical attributes.
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| Psychosocial Traits | Characteristics of one's personality and ways of relating to others.
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| Extroversion | A personality trait shared by people who are friendly, assertive, and outgoing with others.
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| Introversion | A personality trait shared by people who are shy, reserved, and aloof.
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| Communication Apprehension | Anxiety or fear about communicating with others.
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| Democratic Style | A leadership style in which every member of a group has the right to participate in decision making.
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| Autocratic Style | A leadership style in which leaders see themselves as having both the authority and the responsibility to take action on a group's behalf.
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| Laissez-faire Style | A leadership style in which leaders offer minimal supervision.
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| Power | the ability to influence or control people or events.
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| Reward Power | A form of power based on the leader's ability to reward another for doing what the leader says.
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| Coercive Power | A form of power that comes from the ability to punish.
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| Referent Power | A form of power that derives from attraction to the leader.
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| Legitimate Power | A form of power in which leaders' status or position gives them the right to make requests with which others must comply.
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| Expert Power | a form of power that stems from having expertise in a particular areas.
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| Informational Power | A form of power that stems from the ability to control access to information.
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| Five Styles of Conflict | Competing, Avoiding, Compromising, Collaborating, Accomodating
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| Competing Style | Represents a high concern for our own needs and desires and low concern for those of the other party.
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| Avoiding Style | Demonstrates low concern for both the self and the other party.
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| Accommodating Style | Opposite of competing and reflects a high concern for the other party but a low concern for the self.
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| Compromising Style | Reflects a moderate concern for everyone's needs and desires.
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| Collaborating Style | Represents a high concern for the needs of both sides in a conflict.
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| Groupthink | a situation in which group members seek unanimous agreement despite their individual doubts.
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| Illusion of Invulnerability | Group members are overly confident in their position, ignoring obvious problems.
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| Collective Rationalization | Members "explain away" any ideas that are contrary to the group's position.
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| Illusion of Morality | Members believe the decisions they make are morally correct ignoring any arguments to the contrary.
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| Excessive Stereotyping | Members construct negative stereotypes of anyone who disagrees with them.
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| Pressure for Conformity | Members feel pressure to conform to the group's decision and are branded as disloyal if they do not.
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| Self-censorship | Members don't speak up if they have dissenting viewpoints.
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| Illusion of Unanimity | Members falsely perceive that everyone agrees with the group's decision, because they don't hear anyone offering counter arguments.
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| Mindguards | Some members actively prevent the group from hearing about arguments or evidence against the group's position.
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| Barriers to Effective Listing In Groups | Noise, Boredom, Information Overload, Rebuttal Tendency
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