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Plate Tectonics

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Term
Definition
Plate Tectonics   Theory that describes and explains the way that the continents separated into today's land masses from one large land mass (Pangea) and how they continue to move today  
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Convergent Boundary   Locations where lithospheric plates are moving towards one another; can produce earthquakes, volcanic activity and mountain building  
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Plate   Pieces of the crust and upper mantle that float and move around on the asthenosphere  
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Divergent Boundary   Locations where plates are moving away from one another; occurs above rising convection currents and causes rifts, volcanoes, and mid-ocean ridges  
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Subduction   Process in which one edge of the crustal plate is forced below the edge of another and sinks into the mantle  
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Geology   The Scientific study of the origin, history, structure, and composition of the Earth  
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Mountain Building   Formed through volcanic activity, by erosion or uplift of the continental crust when plates collide  
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Sea Floor Spreading   Process in which the ocean floor is extended when two plates move apart  
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Transform Boundary   Locations where two plates slide past one another. Sudden shifts result in major geological events, such as earthquakes and the release of stored energy  
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Oceanic Plate   Part of the crust that lies beneath the oceans  
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Continental Plate   Part of the crust that makes up the continents  
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Tectonic Plates   Huge pieces of the lithosphere that slowly move on the asthenosphere, and consist of the crust and the rigid, uppermost part of the mantle  
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Ocean Basin   Movement of the plates that create dense oceanic crust that sinks lower in the asthenosphere than the less dense continental crust  
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Earthquake   Major geological event that occurs when plates shift at a transform boundary  
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Volcanic Eruptions   Major geological event that occurs when a dense plate subducts below a less dense plate as they converge  
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