Fluoroscopy Procedures
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show | Barium sulfate and Water-soluble iodinated contrast
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show | In case of perforation or fistula
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What are some advantages to water soluble iodinated contrast? | show 🗑
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What is the biggest challenge of GI radiography? | show 🗑
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Which body position best affects peristalsis? | show 🗑
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Name the fluoroscopic exam.A series of x-rays of the esophagus. The x-ray pictures are taken after the person drinks a solution that contains barium. The barium coats and outlines the esophagus on the x-ray. | show 🗑
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show | AP, RAO (PA Oblique), Right Lateral
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This is performed by forcibly exhaling against a closed nose and mouth; increases venous pressure making a hernia more evident. | show 🗑
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What does the acronym GERD stand for? | show 🗑
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show | hiatal hernia
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What are the two kinds of hiatal hernia? | show 🗑
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Zenkers diverticulum | show 🗑
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show | The smooth muscle layer of the esophagus loses normal peristalsis (muscular ability to move food down the esophagus), and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) fails to relax properly in response to swallowing.
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show | This is a ring of tissue in the lower esophagus located at or near the border of the lower esophageal sphincter.
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Abnormal change in cells of lower esophagus. Caused by chronic acid reflux and damages to mucosa. | show 🗑
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show | enters perpendicular at the level of T5 T6 (sternal angle)
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show | sternal angle
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For the PA oblique (RAO) where does the central ray enter? | show 🗑
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What is a UGI? | show 🗑
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show | upper gastrointestinal series or gastrointestinal series
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show | tumors, blockages, dysphagia, blood in stool, nausea and vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, abdominal pain, anemia, weight loss
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show | single contrast or double contrast?
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show | single - just bariumdouble - barium with air
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What is a biphasic exam? | show 🗑
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show | AP scout (high KUB), AP, LPO, PA, RAO, Right Lateral
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In the PA, where does your central ray enter? | show 🗑
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show | Transpyloric plane
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There is double contrast visualization in the _________ and ________filled within the ______. | show 🗑
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Which position does this describe?CR perpendicular to L1 L2, midway between vertebral column and elevated lateral border. Patient is prone. | show 🗑
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show | fundus - airbody and pylorus - barium
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show | Patient is placed on their right side with no rotation. Hands up by face. CR enters perpendicular at the level of L1 L2. Midway between the midcoronal plane and anterior surface of abdominal cavity
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show | Allows duodenal loop to open up better with less superimposition
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show | True
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The patient is rotated ______ degrees in the AP Oblique ____. | show 🗑
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show | Patient is supine and rotated 45 degrees. The CR enters perpendicular at the level of L1 L2 midway between the vertebral column and the dependent lateral abdominal border at the level of L1 L2
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show | Air filled body and pylorus. barium filled fundus
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show | face side up ; face side down
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In the AP oblique which ribs are elongated? PA? | show 🗑
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Small bowel series or follow through | show 🗑
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show | Taken at timed intervals (every 15 mins.)
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show | Scout KUB, AP (HMC) or PA taken at timed intervals
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Where does the CR enter for the PA or AP projecton? | show 🗑
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show | Bowel obstruction, inflammatory bowel disease (chrohn's disease)
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show | A lower gastrointestinal series is a medical procedure used to examine and diagnose problems with the human colon (large intestine). X-ray pictures are taken while barium sulfate fills the colon via the rectum
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show | Patient is placed in the Sim's position
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show | It is performed by having a patient lie on their left side, left leg extended and right leg flexed
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The IV pole is no higher than ______ inches above level of anus. | show 🗑
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Tip is inserted, in BE, _____ inches into the rectum. | show 🗑
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show | AP KUB scout, Right lateral decubitus, Left lateral decubitus, Left lateral (rectum), PA, Ap, RPO, LPO, LPO Axial (sigmoid shot), Post Evac AP
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show | 90-95 kVp; double contrast is for lining of organs do not need as much penetration
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What kVp is used for single contrast exams? Why? | show 🗑
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For the AP scout, AP and PA of the BE where does the CR enter? | show 🗑
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show | Left Lateral rectum
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show | Sigmoid
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show | CR angled 30-40 degrees cephalic to enter midline approx. 2" below the ASIS on elevated side
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show | AP oblique
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How does the CR enter in the LPO oblique? | show 🗑
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show | 35-45 degrees with left side down
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Which flexure is open in the LPO? | show 🗑
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show | RPO
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show | Perpendicular to the film at the level of iliac crest, approx. 1-2 inches lateral to midline on the elevated side (3-4 fingers in from ASIS)
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Which flexure is open in the RPO? | show 🗑
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show | If you are using gastrografin.
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In the right and left lateral decubs where the does the central ray enter? | show 🗑
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show | manual technique (watch read outs of other projections)
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In the ___________ the "up" medial side of the ascending colon and the lateral side of the descending colon is best demonstrated. | show 🗑
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In the ___________ the "up" latral side of the ascending colon and the medial side of the descending colon is best demonstrated. | show 🗑
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How is the best way to determine if there is rotation in your lateral? | show 🗑
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