Introduction to Classification and Kingdoms
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Aristotle | developed the first system of classification; based groups of animals on careful observation
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Carolus Linnaeus | created a naming system called binomial nomenclature; this system also based on careful observation
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biodiversity | Used to describe the variety of life found on Earth. The degree of variation of life.
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classification | the grouping of things based on similar characteristics
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taxonomy | the scientific study of how things are classified
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taxonomist | the scientists responsible for grouping organisms
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taxonomic key | a tool that allows biologists to identify unknown organisms; user is presented with a series of choices about the characteristics of the unknown organism
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dichotomous key | Means the separation of different or contradictory things. The key provides 2 possible answers to a question.
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binomial nomenclature | naming system for organisms in which each organism is given a two-part name – genus and species
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scientific name | an organism’s name derived through binomial nomenclature
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genus | a classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related species; the first part of an organism’s scientific name
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species | a group of similar organisms whose members can mate with one another and produce fertile offspring; the second part of an organism’s scientific name
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kingdom | the largest group of organisms in our modern classification scheme
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prokaryote | an organism whose cell lacks an enclosed nucleus and other cell structures
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eukaryote | an organism whose cell/cells contain a nucleus enclosed in a membrane and other cell structures; "true" nucleus
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autotroph | an organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis (plants)
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heterotroph | an organism that cannot make its own food and therefore consumes other organisms for food
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unicellular | a type of organism that is made up of only one cell
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multicellular | a type of organism that is made up of at least 2 or more cells
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Archaebacteria | a kingdom of prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrophic or heterotrophic organisms; have the ability to live in some of the harshest conditions on Earth
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Eubacteria | a kingdom of prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrophic or heterotrophic organisms; these are often the bacteria that causes illness and diseases
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Protista | a kingdom of eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, autotrophic and/or heterotrophic organisms; known as the “odds and ends"
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Fungi | a kingdom of eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms (decomposers)
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Plantae | a kingdom of eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic organisms; these begin most of Earth’s food webs/chains
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Animalia | a kingdom of eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic organisms; these are found in diverse environments worldwide because of their varied adaptations
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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