Sci Chapter 8 and 9
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Scientists believe that the Earth is ____ years old | 4.6 billion
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| The principle that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes is called | Uniformitarianism
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| These layers of rock show the sequence of events that took place in the past | Strata
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| The most commonly studied type of rock layer is | sedimentary
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| The boundary between two beds of rock is called a | bedding plate
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| The principle that a sedimentary rock layer is older than the one above it is called the law of | superposition
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| The principle that a fault or intrusion is younger than the layers it cuts through is called the law of | crosscutting relationships
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| The absolute age of a rock layer is its ______ age. | numeric
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| Using the rate of ______ to determine absolute age would be less accurate for a surface feature such as the Grand Canyon which is millions of years old | erosion
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| In general, about 30 cm of sedimentary rock are _____ over a period of 1,000 years. | deposited
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| Some sedimentary rock layers show annual layers called | varves
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| Which layer (summer or winter) is composed of darker, finer grains? | winter
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| Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called | isotopes
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| The original radioactive isotope is called the _____ isotope. | parent
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| The half-life is the time required for half of a radioactive sample to break down by decay to form the _____ isotope. | daughter
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| The ages of wood, bones, shells and other organic remains embedded in rock can be determined through | (carbon) radiometric dating
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| The scientific study of fossils is called | paleontology
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| Some insects become fossilized in hardened tree sap called | amber
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| Organisms buried in _____ do not decay, because bacteria do not survive such low temperatures. | ice
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| When minerals in groundwater percolate through buried organic matter, the result is a nearly perfect mineral replica of the object. This process is called ______. (Hint: it often happens to wood) | petrification
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| A fossil residue of a leaf that makes a "shadow" on sedimentary rock is called a | carbon film
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| Fossilized dung or waste is from an animal is called a | copriolite
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| The stones from the digestive tracts of dinosaurs are called | gastroliths
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| Fossilized tracks, borings or burrows are called ____ fossils. | trace
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| Fossils that occur only in rock layers of a particular geologic age are called ____ fossils. = | index
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| Geologists use index fossils to locate deposits of | oil and natural gas
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| What does the geologic time scale do? | Divides Earth's history into time intervals
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| Scientists are able to determine the absolute ages of most rock layers in a geologic column by using | radiometric dating
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| To determine the age of a specific rock, scientists might correlate it with a layer in a geologic column that has the same | relative position and fossil content
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| Geologic periods can be divided into | epochs
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| Precambrian time ended about ______ years ago. | 542 million
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| The most common fossils in Precambrian rock are | cynaobacteria
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| The first vertebrates appeared during the | Paleozoic Era
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| The Age of Reptiles is the name commonly given to the | Mesozoic Era
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| The first flowering plants appeared during the | Cretaceous Period
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| The Age of Mammals is the name commonly given to the | Cenozoic Period
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Created by:
Jayson Van Dam
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