Unit 7: Nursing care of clients with gastrointestinal disorders
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Acute and Chronic gastritis (Pg. 559) | Inflammation of the lining of the stomach
acute: sudden onset, short duration, bleeding if severe
chronic; slow onset, may result in pernicious anemia
*ulcers can be formed
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| Risks; infection, meds, drinks, reflux, age | H.pylori, etc.
fam hx, NSAIDs/corticosteroids
excessive alcohol use, smoking, caffeine, stress
bile reflux disease
autoimmune disorders
older age
radiation
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| S/S of gastritis: dys__, pain, appetite/wt, abdominal, vomit like? | dyspepsia, general abdominal discomfort/indigestion
-upper abdominal pain, increase/decrease w/ eating
-nausea, low appetite, bloating (wt loss)
-hematemesis
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| S/S of erosive gastritis: | Black, tarry stools; coffee-ground emesis
-acute abdominal pain
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| Labs; CBC serum & stool antigen C 13 urea breath test | CBC- anemia? bleeding?
-->others testing for H.pylori
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| What is anemia in women and in men? | Women; hgb <12, rbc <4.2
Men; hgb<14, rbc <4.7
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| How do you dx gastritis? | Upper endoscopy (through mouth into esophagus, stomach, duodenum)
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| Upper endoscopy: NPO? Anesthetic? perforation? | NPO 6-8 hrs before
-local anesthetic sprayed into back of throat
-perforation is a risk
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| Medications you can give? | H2 antagonists(dine's), antacids (hydroxides), PPI's (zoles)
-prostaglandins, anti-ulcer/mucosal barriers, antibiotics
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| Surgery? | Prescribed when ulcerations or significant bleeding
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| Surgery: Vagotomy | nerve fibers only responsible for gastric production
-laproscopically common
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| surgery: Pyloroplasty | usually done at the same time as the vagotomy
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| Surgery: Partial gastrectomy | Removal of the involved portion of the stomach
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| Methods for stopping gastric bleeding: | Insert a NG tube for gastric lavage (irrigate w/ NS or water to stop active gastric bleeding)
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| Complications to gastritis; gastric bleeding, outlet obstruction, dehydration, pernicious anemia, dumping syndrome --> why pernicious anemia? | Chronic gastritis may damage the parietal cells. leads to a reduced production of intrinsic factor= (necessary to absorption of vitamin b12)
-insufficient vit b12 can lead to pernicious anemia
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| Pernicious anemia you need monthly ___? | Injections of vit b12
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