Behavioral Neuroscience
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | Imaging technique that involves the use of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to produce a signal that can be interpreted by a computer
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| Computerized Axiel Tomography (CT or CAT) | Imaging technique that involves the production of a large number of X-Rays interpreted by a computer
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| Position Emission Tomography (Pet) | Imaging technique that involves the production of a large number of X-Rays interpreted by a computer
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| Functional MRI | a modification of the standard MRI procedure that allows both structural and temporal images of the brain to be gathered
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| Electroencephalograph (EEG) | Device that monitors and records electrical activity of the brain in the form of a graphic representation of brain waves
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| Hindbrain | Oldest of the 3 main divisions of the brain: Major Structures include Medulla, Pons, and Cerebellum
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| Reticular Formation | Nerve fibers passing through the midbrain that control arousal
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| Forebrain | Major Division of the brain that consists of subcortical structures and the cerebral cortex
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| Limbic System | System of interconnected subcortical structures that regulates emotions and motivated behaviors such as hunger thirst, aggression, and sexual behavior
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| Apraxia | Deficits in nonverbal skills
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| Aphasia | Problems in understanding or producing spoken or written language
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| Acetylcholine (ACh) | Involved in muscle movement and memory -low levels result in Alzheimer's
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| Dopamine | Involved in movement and reward centers
Destruction of dopamine neurons can lead to Parkinson's Disease
Implicated in the development of Schizophrenia
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| Gammaaminobutyricacid (Gaba) | Involved in levels of excitability
Drugs used to treat anxiety reduce arousal
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| Norepinephrine | Influences arousal, mood, an reward centers
Cocaine and amphetamines block reuptake
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| Serotonin | Involved in mood, appetite, sleep, aggression
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| Agonists | Drugs that enhance the effects of a particular neurotransmitter
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| Action Potential | Reversal in electrical charge of a neuron that occurs when the neuron fires
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| Endorphin's | Substances produced by the body that block pain, these substances are opium like chemicals
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| Neuromodulators | Chemicals that may have a widespread or general effect on the release of neurotransmitters
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| Antagonists | Drugs that oppose or inhibit the effects of a particular neurotransmitter
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| Nurotransmitters | Chemical substances that are stored in terminal buttons and released into the synapse between two neurons to carry signals from one neuron to the next
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| Synapse | Site where two or more neurons interact but do not touch
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| Gonads | Sex hormones
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| Endocrine System | System of Glands that produce and secret hormones
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| Hormones | Chemicals produced by the glands of the endocrine system
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| Parasympathetic Nervous System | Apart of the Autonomic system responsible for returning the body to a resting or balanced state
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| Reflex | Automatic behavior in response to a specific stimulus
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| Sympathetic Nervous System | Apart of the Autonomic system responsible for mobilizing the body in times of stress preparing organisms for fight or flight
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| Autonomic Nervous System | Division of the peripheral nervous system involved in the control of bodily functioning through organs and glands
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| Efferent (Motor) | Nerves that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles
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| Afferent (Sensory) | Nerves that carry information from the receptors to he spinal cord and brain
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| Somatic Nervous System | Division of the peripheral nervous system that consists of nerves coming from the receptors to the brain and spinal cord
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| Neurons | basic cells of the nervous system
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| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | Division of the nervous system that consists of the neural fibers lying outside of the brain and spinal cord
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| Central Nervous System (CNS) | Division of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord
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| Receptors | Specialized cells that are sensitive to specific types of stimulus energy
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| Stimulus | Environmental feature that provokes a response from an organism
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| Behavioral Neuroscience | Focuses on the role of the nervous system in understanding behavior
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| Natural Selection | Charles Darwin: The process by which inherited characteristics that lead to an advantage in adapting to the environment are more likely to be passed on to future generations
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| Evolutionary Selection | Interested in looking for the adaptive benefits of selected human behaviors
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Created by:
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