Meiosis HBio
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| Part of Interphase when the DNA is copied. | S-phase
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| DNA in its condensed form. | Chromosomes
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| A chromosome and its copy (makes an "X" shape). | Sister Chromatids
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| Cells with two sets of chromosomes (2n). One set from mom, one set from dad. | Diploid
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| Cells with half the number of normal chromosomes or one set of chromosomes (n). | Haploid
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| What kind of cells go through mitosis? | Somatic cells (body cells)
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| What kind of cells go through meiosis? | Gametes (sex cells)
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| Name of the male gamete that's produced in the testes. | sperm
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| Name of the female gamete that's produced in the ovaries. | ovum (egg)
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| During fertilization, the sperm and the egg fuse together to form a _______________. | Zygote
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| The process that produces gametes. It creates 4 haploid cells that are NOT identical. | Meiosis
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| Meiosis in males is called | Spermatogenesis
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| Meiosis in females is called | Oogenesis
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| Number of sperm produced in spermatogenesis. | 4
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| Number of cells produced in oogenesis. | 4 (3 polar bodies that die, 1 egg that lives).
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| Pair of chromosomes that are similar in shape and size (XX - two side-by-side). | Homologous chromosomes
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| Phase of meiosis when synapsis and crossing over occurs. | Prophase I
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| The process of synapsis forms _______________, where homologous chromosomes come together. | tetrads
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| Phase of meiosis where the homologous chromosomes align down the equator (middle). Also where Independent Assortment occurs. | Metaphase I
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| Part of Prophase I where chromosomes exchange DNA to create diversity in the offspring. | Crossing over
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| Part of Metaphase I where homologous chromosomes line up at random to create diversity in the offspring. | Independent Assortment
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| Phase of meiosis where homologous chromosomes are separated. | Anaphase I
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| Phase of meiosis where one cells begins to divide into two cells. | Telophase I
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| Phase of meiosis where the nuclear envelope disappears and chromosomes condense (occuring in 2 cells). | Prophase II
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| Phase of meiosis where sister chromatids align down the equator (middle), NOT in pairs. | Metaphase II
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| Phase of meiosis where sister chromatids are separated apart. | Anaphase II
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| Phase of meiosis where two cells each begin to divide into 2 daughter cells for a total of 4 cells. | Telophase II
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| Diploid (2n) number in humans. | 46 chromosomes (2 sets of 23, one set from mom, one set from dad).
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| Haploid (n) number in humans. | 23 chromosomes (each parent will pass on 23 chromosomes to the offspring).
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