The Human Puzzle Chapter 5 Study Material
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show | Those who experience partial or total loss of memory, sometimes resulting from head trauma.
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Autobiographical Memory | show 🗑
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show | In Baddeley’s model of working memory, the system concerned with regulating the flow of information from sensory storage, processing it for long-term storage, and retrieving it from long-term storage.
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show | A memory process whereby related items are grouped together into more easily remembered “chunks” (for example, a prefix and four digits for a phone number, rather than seven unrelated digits).
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Declarative Memory | show 🗑
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show | A theory of forgetting that recognizes that what is remembered is
often changed or reconstructed.
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show | Twins that result from two separate eggs and that are therefore
fraternal (nonidentical).
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show | A memory strategy that involves forming new associations, linking with other ideas or images.
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Encoding | show 🗑
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show | A measure of magnetic fields at the scalp relating to neural activity typically associated with specific stimuli.
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Event-Related Potential (ERP) | show 🗑
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show | Another label for declarative memory
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Fading Theory | show 🗑
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show | Describes the possibility that a memory—especially of a highly traumatic event—may be a memory of something that has not actually occurred.
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show | Unusually vivid and persistent recollections of the details
surrounding first learning about an event that is highly emotionally significant.
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Flynn Effect | show 🗑
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Forgetting | show 🗑
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show | A type of test usually used to measure intelligence that may be given to large groups at one time.
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show | Also called nondeclarative memory. Refers to the memories that
cannot be verbalized—for example, how to stay upright on a bicycle.
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show | A test, usually used to measure intelligence, that can be given to
only one individual at a time.
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Intelligence quotient (IQ) | show 🗑
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show | A mnemonic system that requires forming linked visual images of what is to be recalled.
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Loci system | show 🗑
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show | A type of memory where material is processed so that it remains available for recall over a long period.
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Memory | show 🗑
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Mnemonic aids | show 🗑
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Mnemonist | show 🗑
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Modal Model of Memory | show 🗑
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show | Twins resulting from the division of a single fertilized egg—
hence identical twins.
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show | Unconscious, nonverbalizable effects of experience such as might be manifested in acquired motor skills or in classical conditioning.
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Nonsense Syllables | show 🗑
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Normal Distribution | show 🗑
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Organization | show 🗑
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show | A powerful mnemonic system in which previously learned associations between numbers and mental images are used to recall large numbers of items forward, backward, or in any order.
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Phonological Loop | show 🗑
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Proactive Interference | show 🗑
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show | A memory strategy involving simple repetition, the principal means of maintaining items in short-term memory.
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Reliability | show 🗑
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show | A Freudian term for the process by which intensely negative or
frightening experiences are lost from conscious memory.
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show | Stimuli like sounds, words, locations, smells, and so on that
facilitate recall (that remind the individual of something).
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Retrieval-Cue Failure | show 🗑
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Retroactive Interference | show 🗑
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Semantic Memory | show 🗑
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show | A memory stage in which material is available for recall for a matter of seconds; defines our immediate consciousness.
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Triarchic Theory of Successful Intelligence | show 🗑
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Validity | show 🗑
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Visual-Spatial Sketch Pad | show 🗑
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show | The Baddeley model describing how information is processed
in short-term memory by means of a control system (central executive system) and systems that maintain verbal material
(phonological loop) and visual material (visual-spatial sketch pad).
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