Common medical terms and definitions by body system
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| cerebrovascular | cerebr/o = cerebrum vascul/o = vessel ar = pertaining to | Pertaining to the brain and blood vessels that supply it
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| epidural | epi = above, upon dur/a = dura mater al = pertaining to | Pertaining to above the dura mater
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| epilepsy | epi = above, upon lepsy = seizure | A disorder of the central nervous system characterized by recurrent seizures
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| meningitis | mening/o = meninges itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the meninges of the brain
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| neuralgia | neur/o = nerve algia = pain | Nerve pain
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| neurologist | neur/o = nerve logist = specialist in the study or treatment of | A physician who specializes in diseases of the neurological system
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| schizophrenia | schiz/o = split phren/o = mind or diaphragm ia = condition of | A type of psychosis in which the mind is said to be split from reality
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| bradycardia | brady = slow cardi/o = heart ia = pertaining to | Pertaining to a slow heart rate
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| cardiologist | cardi/o = heart logist = specialist in the study of | A physician who specializes in diseases of the heart
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| cardiomyopathy | cardi/o = heart my/o = muscle pathy = disease | Disease of the heart muscle
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| endocardium | endo = within cardi/o = heart ium = structure, tissue | Membrane lining the cavities of the heart
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| hypertension | hyper = above or excessive | High blood pressure
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| hypoxemia | hypo = below or deficient ox/e = oxygen emia = blood | Too little oxygen in the blood
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| myocarditis | my/o = muscle cardi/o = heart itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the heart muscle
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| myocardium | my/o = muscle cardi/o = heart ium = structure, tissue | Heart muscle tissue
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| pericardium | peri = around, surrounding cardi/o = heart ium = structure, tissue | Lining around the outside of the heart
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| tachycardia | tachy = fast cardi/o = heart ia = pertaining to | Pertaining to a fast heart rate
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| bronchitis | bronch/o = bronchus itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the bronchi
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| dyspnea | dys = difficult, painful pnea = breathing | Difficult, painful, or faulty breathing
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| hypoxia | hypo = below or deficient oxi = oxygen ia = condition of | A condition of deficient oxygen levels
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| pharyngitis | pharyng/o = pharynx itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the pharynx
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| pulmonologist | pulmon/o = lungs logist = specialist in the study or treatment of | Specialist in diseases of the lungs
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| rhinoplasty | rhin/o = nose plasty = surgical repair | Surgical repair of the nose
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| rhinorrhea | rhin/o = nose rrhea = flow, discharge | Discharge from the nose
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| spirometry | spir/o = breathe; breath metry = process of measuring | Measurement of breathing
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| stethoscope | steth/o = chest scope = instrument for viewing | Instrument used to listen to lung and heart sounds through the chest wall
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| arthritis | arthr/o = joints itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the joints
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| bursitis | burs/o = joint itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the bursa, a fluid-filled sac around joints
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| intramuscular | intra = within muscul/o = muscle ar =pertaining to | Pertaining to within the muscle
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| myalgia | my/o = muscle algia = pain | Muscle pain
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| orthopedic | orth/o = straight podi = feet ic = pertaining to | Literally means pertaining to straight foot---pertaining to the study of diseases of the skeletal and muscular system
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| tendinitis | tendin/o = tendon itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the tendon
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| endocrinology | end/o = within, in crine = to secrete logy = study of | Study of the secreting glands that comprise the endocrine system
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| hyperglycemia | hyper = above, excessive glyc/o = glucose, sugar emia = blood | Too much sugar in the blood
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| hyperthyroidism | hyper = above, excessive thyr/o = thyroid gland ism = condition | Condition of too much thyroid hormone
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| hypokalemia | hypo = below or deficient kal/i = potassium emia = blood | Low blood potassium
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| pancreatitis | pancreat/o = pancreas itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the pancreas
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| autoimmune | auto = self immune/o = protection | The disorder characterized by abnormal function of the immune system that causes the body to produce antibodies against itself
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| immunocompromised | immune/o = protection | A condition in which the immune system has been compromised by disease or immunosuppressive agents
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| leukemia | leuk/o = white emia = blood | A malignant blood disease marked by abnormal white blood cells (leukocytes)
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| metastasis | meta = beyond, after or change stasis = stop or control | The spread of cancer cells beyond the original site of the tumor through blood or lymph
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| anemia | an = not, without emia = blood | A blood condition in which there is a reduction in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or the volume of packed red blood cells
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| hematology | hemat/o = blood logy = study of | Medical study of the blood
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| myeloma | myel/o = bone marrow or spinal cord oma = tumor | Tumor of bone marrow
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| cholecystectomy | cholecyst/o = gall bladder ectomy = surgical removal, excision | Surgical removal of the gall bladder
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| cirrhosis | cirrh/o = yellow osis = abnormal condition | Chronic liver condition that causes yellowing of tissues
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| colonoscopy | col/o = colon scopy = process of viewing | Process of viewing the colon
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| dyspepsia | dys = difficult, painful pepsia = digestion | The condition of indigestion, or of painful digestion
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| dysphagia | dys = difficult, painful phag/o = eat or swallow ia = pertaining to | Pertaining to difficulty in eating or swallowing
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| esophagitis | esophag/o = esophagus itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the esophagus
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| gastroenterologist | gastr/o = stomach enter/o = intestines ologist = specialist in the study or treatment of | Specialist in the study or treatment of the stomach and intestines
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| nasogastric | nas/o = nose gastr/o = stomach ic = pertaining to | Pertaining to the nose and the stomach
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| sublingual | sub = below, under lingua = tongue al = pertaining to | Pertaining to under the tongue
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| nephrectomy | nephr/o = kidney ectomy = surgical removal, excision | Surgical removal of a kidney
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| polyuria | poly = many or excessive ur/o = urinary tract ia = condition of | Condition in which one urinates excessively
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| pyelonephritis | pyel/o = renal pelvis nephr/o = kidney itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the renal pelvis area of the kidney
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| urologist | ur/o = urinary tract logist = a specialist in the study or treatment of | Physician who specializes in conditions of the urinary system
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| conjunctivitis | conjunctiv/o = conjunctiva itis = inflammation | Inflammation if the conjunctiva
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| intraocular | intra = within ocul/o = eye ar = pertaining to | Pertaining to the inside of the eye
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| ophthalmologist | ophthalm/o = eye ologist = specialist in the study or treatment of | Specialist in diseases of the eye
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| optometry | opt/o = eye metry = process of measuring | Process of measuring the eye
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| photophobia | phot/o = light phobia = abnormal fear | Extreme sensitivity and discomfort from light
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| myringitis | myring/o = eardrum itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the tympanic membrane
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| otitis | ot/o = ear itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the ear
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| gynecologist | gynec/o = woman logist = a specialist in the study or treatment of | A physician who specializes in the reproductive system of women
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| hysterectomy | hyster/o = uterus ectomy = surgical removal, excision | The surgical removal of the uterus
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| mammogram | mamm/o = breast gram = record | An x-ray of the breast
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| obstetrics | obstetr/o = midwife ic = pertaining to | The specialty pertaining to the care and treatment of mother and fetus throughout pregnancy, childbirth, and the immediate postpartum period
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| vasectomy | vas/o = vessel ectomy = surgical removal of, excision | Excision of part of the vas deferens to produce male sterility
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| dermatitis | dermat/o = skin itis = inflammation | Inflammation of the skin
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| dermatologist | dermat/o = skin ologist = specialist in the study or treatment of | Specialist in the study of diseases of the skin
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| epidermal | epi = on, upon derm/o = skin al = pertaining to | Pertaining to on the skin
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| histology | hist/o = tissue ology = study of | The study of tissues
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| percutaneous | per = through cutane/o = skin ous = pertaining to | Through the skin
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| subcutaneous | sub = below, under cutane/o = skin ous = pertaining to | Pertaining to below the skin
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| cerebrospinal | cerebr/o = cerebrum spin/o = spine al = pertaining to | Pertaining to the brain and spinal cord
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