terms to know
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unified cell theory | a biological concept that states that all organisms are composed of one or more
cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and new cells arise from existing cells
🗑
|
||||
| Prokaryote | unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle
🗑
|
||||
| Nucleoid | central part of a prokaryotic cell in which the chromosome is found
🗑
|
||||
| Cell Theory | see unified cell theory
🗑
|
||||
| Cell Wall | rigid cell covering made of cellulose that protects the cell, provides structural support, and
gives shape to the cell
🗑
|
||||
| central vacuole | large plant cell organelle that regulates the cell’s storage compartment, holds water,
and plays a significant role in cell growth as the site of macromolecule degradation
🗑
|
||||
| centrosome | region in animal cells made of two centrioles
🗑
|
||||
| chlorophyll | green pigment that captures the light energy that drives the light reactions of
photosynthesis
🗑
|
||||
| chloroplast | plant cell organelle that carries out photosynthesis
🗑
|
||||
| chromatin | protein-DNA complex that serves as the building material of chromosomes
🗑
|
||||
| chromosome | structure within the nucleus that is made up of chromatin that contains DNA, the
hereditary material
🗑
|
||||
| cilium | (plural = cilia) short, hair-like structure that extends from the plasma membrane in large
numbers and is used to move an entire cell or move substances along the outer surface of the
cell
🗑
|
||||
| cytoplasm | entire region between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope, consisting of
organelles suspended in the gel-like cytosol, the cytoskeleton, and various chemicals
🗑
|
||||
| cytoskeleton | network of protein fibers that collectively maintain the shape of the cell, secure some
organelles in specific positions, allow cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enable
unicellular organisms to move independently
🗑
|
||||
| cytosol | gel-like material of the cytoplasm in which cell structures are suspended
🗑
|
||||
| desmosome | linkages between adjacent epithelial cells that form when cadherins in the plasma
membrane attach to intermediate filaments
🗑
|
||||
| electron microscope | an instrument that magnifies an object using a beam of electrons passed and
bent through a lens system to visualize a specimen
🗑
|
||||
| endomembrane system | group of organelles and membranes in eukaryotic cells that work
together modifying, packaging, and transporting lipids and proteins
🗑
|
||||
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | series of interconnected membranous structures within eukaryotic
cells that collectively modify proteins and synthesize lipids
🗑
|
||||
| eukaryotic cell | cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus and several other membrane-bound
compartments or sacs
🗑
|
||||
| extracellular matrix | material (primarily collagen, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans) secreted from
animal cells that provides mechanical protection and anchoring for the cells in the tissue
🗑
|
||||
| flagellum | (plural = flagella) long, hair-like structure that extends from the plasma membrane and is
used to move the cell
🗑
|
||||
| Golgi apparatus | eukaryotic organelle made up of a series of stacked membranes that sorts, tags,
and packages lipids and proteins for distribution
🗑
|
||||
| gap junction | channel between two adjacent animal cells that allows ions, nutrients, and low
molecular weight substances to pass between cells, enabling the cells to communicate
🗑
|
||||
| intermediate filament | cytoskeletal component, composed of several intertwined strands of fibrous
protein, that bears tension, supports cell-cell junctions, and anchors cells to extracellular
structures
🗑
|
||||
| light microscope | an instrument that magnifies an object using a beam visible light passed and bent
through a lens system to visualize a specimen
🗑
|
||||
| lysosome | organelle in an animal cell that functions as the cell’s digestive component; it breaks
down proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, and even worn-out organelles
🗑
|
||||
| microfilament | narrowest element of the cytoskeleton system; it provides rigidity and shape to the
cell and enables cellular movements
🗑
|
||||
| microscope | an instrument that magnifies an object
🗑
|
||||
| microtubule | widest element ofthecytoskeletonsystem;ItHelpsTheCellResist compression, provides a track along w/ vesicles move through the cell, pulls replicated chromosomes 2
opposite ends of a dividing cell,& is the structural element of centrioles, flagella,& cilia
🗑
|
||||
| mitochondria | (singular = mitochondrion) cellular organelles responsible for carrying out cellular
respiration, resulting in the production of ATP, the cell’s main energy-carrying molecule
🗑
|
||||
| nuclear envelope | double-membrane structure that constitutes the outermost portion of the nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| nucleoid | central part of a prokaryotic cell in which the chromosome is found
🗑
|
||||
| nucleolus | darkly staining body within the nucleus that is responsible for assembling the subunits of
the ribosomes
🗑
|
||||
| nucleoplasm | semi-solid fluid inside the nucleus that contains the chromatin and nucleolus
🗑
|
||||
| nucleus | cell organelle that houses the cell’s DNA and directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins
🗑
|
||||
| organelle | compartment or sac within a cell
🗑
|
||||
| peroxisome | small, round organelle that contains hydrogen peroxide, oxidizes fatty acids and amino
acids, and detoxifies many poisons
🗑
|
||||
| plasma membrane | phospholipid bilayer with embedded (integral) or attached (peripheral)
proteins, and separates the internal content of the cell from its surrounding environment
🗑
|
||||
| plasmodesma | (plural = plasmodesmata) channel that passes between the cell walls of adjacent
plant cells, connects their cytoplasm, and allows materials to be transported from cell to cell
🗑
|
||||
| prokaryote | unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle
🗑
|
||||
| ribosome | cellular organelle that carries out protein synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) | region of the endoplasmic reticulum that is studded with
ribosomes and engages in protein modification and phospholipid synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) | region of the endoplasmic reticulum that has few or no
ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface and synthesizes carbohydrates, lipids, and steroid
hormones; detoxifies certain chemicals, and stores calcium ions
🗑
|
||||
| tight junction | firm seal between two adjacent animal cells created by protein adherence
🗑
|
||||
| unified cell theory | a biological concept that states that all organisms are composed of one or more
cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and new cells arise from existing cells
🗑
|
||||
| vacuole | membrane-bound sac, somewhat larger than a vesicle, which functions in cellular storage
and transport
🗑
|
||||
| vesicle | small, membrane-bound sac that functions in cellular storage and transport; its membrane is
capable of fusing with the plasma membrane and the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum
and Golgi apparatus
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
v_saldi
Popular Biology sets