Fuel terms and definitions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Appearance of crude oil | thick black liquid
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| The separating of substances according to their boiling points | Fractional distillation
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| The 2 main fractions crude oil is broken into? | Residual and Volatile fractions
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| Mercaptans | Sulphur containing compounds added to natural gas to aid detection of leaks
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| What does LPG stand for? | Liquefied Petroleum Gas
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| What is Naphtha used for? | Used to make plastics
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| 1 use of Bitumen | Used in tarring roads
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| The early explosion of petrol in the cylinder of an engine | Auto-ignition
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| Octane Rating = 0 | Heptane
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| Octane Rating 100 | 2,2,4 tri methyl pentane
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| Octane Number | The Octane Number is the measure of a fuels resistance to cause engine knocking
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| Sound caused in a car by auto-ignition | Engine Knocking
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| 3 factors which increase Octane Number? | Addition of branches, shorter chain, addition of oxygenates
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| 3 examples of Oxygenates added to fuel | Methanol, Ethanol and MTBE
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| What does MTBE stand for? | Methyl tertiary butyl ether
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| Isomerisation | Turning straight chains into their isomers, making them shorter and creating more branches
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| Catalytic Cracking | Breaking long chain hydrocarbons into shorter chains
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| Reforming | Converting straight chain compounds into ring compounds, creating hydrogen as a by-product
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| Why is Benzene no longer added to petrol? | Carcinogen
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| Why is lead no longer added to petrol? | Poisonous to catalytic converters and the environment.
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