301 Final Study Guide
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| show | Abdominal paradox
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| inward movement of the lower lateral margins of the chest wall with each inspiratory effort owing to a low, flat diaphragm as seen in emphysema | show 🗑
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| deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis | show 🗑
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| difficult breathing in the standing position, which is relieved in the lying or recumbent position | show 🗑
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| show | Pulsus alternans
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| abnormal decrease in pulse pressure with each inspiratory effort | show 🗑
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| general term referring to the relative state of a patient's consciousness or alertness | show 🗑
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| show | Ceyne-stokes
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| show | Apneustic breathing
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| the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure readings | show 🗑
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| show | American Standard Safety System (ASSS)
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| show | Regulator
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| Low pressure gas connectors | show 🗑
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| Constant pressure flowmeter device. Measures true flow. | show 🗑
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| show | Pin-Index Safety system (PISS)
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| Used in combination with adjustable reducing valve. Ideal for patient transports. | show 🗑
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| show | Reducing Valve
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| Regulating agency | show 🗑
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| show | Oxygen production
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| show | Helium
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| Low flow O2 delivery systems used in respiratory care include all of the following except: A. Nasal Cannula B. Nasal Catheter C. Air entrainment mask D. Transtracheal catheter | show 🗑
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| show | Look for crimped or twisted delivery tubing
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| show | Recommend a flow of at least 5 L/min to wash out carbon dioxide
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| show | 60 L/min
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| An O2 delivery device takes separate pressurized air and O2 sources as input, then mixes these gases through a precision valve. What does this describe? | show 🗑
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| show | suspension of liquid or solid particles in a gas
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| show | I, II, III
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| show | 10 second breath hold
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| show | Alveoli
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| show | drug reactions
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| show | A. Albuterol
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| show | B. Spinning disc nebulizer
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| show | functional residual capacity
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| To ensure delivery of the proper drug dosage w/ a MDI, which of the following must be done be4 its use?I. The canister valve stem should be cleaned with a pin. II. The can should be warmed to hand or body temp. III. The can should be vigorously shaken. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following groups of patients are most likely to have difficulty using a simple metered-dose inhaler for aerosol drug therapy? I. patients in acute distress II. infants and young children III. elderly persons | show 🗑
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| show | dry power inhaler
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| show | Reposition the patient so that the SVN is more upright.
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| Normally, when using a 50-psi flowmeter to drive a small-volume jet nebulizer, to what should you set the flow? | show 🗑
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| show | Rinse the SVN with sterile water; air dry.
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| show | small-particle aerosol generator (SPAG)
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| Persistent breathing at small tidal volumes can result in which of the following? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following patient categories are at high risk for developing atelectasis? I. those who are heavily sedated II. those with abdominal or thoracic pain III. those with neuromuscular disorders | show 🗑
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| show | repetitive, shallow breathing
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| show | I, III, and IV
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| show | increasing the transpulmonary pressure gradient
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| show | I and II
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| Lung expansion methods that increase the transpulmonary pressure gradients by increasing alveolar pressure include which of the following? I. Incentive spirometry (IS) II. PEEP therapy III. IPPB therapy IV. expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) | show 🗑
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| show | incentive spirometry
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| show | incentive spirometry
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| show | I, II, and III
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| Which of the following is not a potential hazard or complication of incentive spirometry? | show 🗑
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| show | hyperventilation
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| Which of the outcomes would indicate improvement in a pt previously diagnosed with atelectasis who has been receiving IS? I. improved PaO2 II. decreased respiratory rate III. improved chest radiograph IV. decreased FVC V. tachycardia | show 🗑
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| Ideally, when should high-risk surgical patients be oriented to incentive spirometry? | show 🗑
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| show | “Exhale normally, then inhale as deeply as you can, then hold your breath for 5 to 10 seconds.”
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| The short-term application of inspiratory positive pressure to a spontaneously breathing patient best defines which of the following? | show 🗑
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| Intermittent positive-pressure breathing is associated with a passive exhalation. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following patient groups should be considered for lung expansion therapy using intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB)? | show 🗑
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| What is the optimal breathing pattern for intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) treatment of atelectasis? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for using intermittent positive-pressure breathing? | show 🗑
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| In order to eliminate leaks in an alert patient receiving intermittent positive-pressure breathing therapy, which of the following adjuncts would you first try? | show 🗑
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| During administration of a continuous positive airway pressure flow mask to a patient with atelectasis, you find it difficult to maintain the prescribed airway pressure. Which of the following is the most common explanation? | show 🗑
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| show | I, II, III
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| show | bronchodilators
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| show | Reverse the underlying disease process.
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| All of the following are considered airway clearance therapies except: | show 🗑
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| show | postural drainage therapy
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| show | throughout expiration
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| Soon after you initiate postural drainage in a Trendelenburg position, the patient develops a vigorous and productive cough. Which of the following actions would be appropriate at this time? | show 🗑
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| All of the following would indicate a successful outcome for postural drainage therapy except: | show 🗑
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| What is the point in the respiratory track where inspired gas reaches body temperature, ambient pressure, saturated (BTPS) conditions? | show 🗑
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| show | maintain normal physiologic conditions
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| show | reducing upper airway inflammation or swelling
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| Inhalation of dry gases can do which of the following? I. increase viscosity of secretions II. impair mucociliary motility III. increase airway irritability | show 🗑
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| What device adds molecular water to gas? | show 🗑
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| show | outlet size
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| What is the most important factor determining a humidifier’s performance? | show 🗑
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| The greater the temperature of the gas, the: | show 🗑
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| show | Increase the temperature of either the water or the gas
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| Which of the following types of humidifiers are used in clinical practice? I. heat-moisture exchanger II. passover humidifier III. bubble humidifier | show 🗑
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| Simple unheated bubble humidifiers are commonly used to humidify gases with what type of systems? | show 🗑
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| show | Raise the humidity of the gas to ambient levels.
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| The relief valve on a bubble humidifier serves which of the following functions? I. It indicates when flow has been interrupted. II. It protects the device from pressure damage. III. It warns you when the water level is low. | show 🗑
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| show | pressure relief valve
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| When checking an oxygen delivery system that incorporates a bubble humidifier running at 6 L/min, you occlude the delivery tubing, and the humidifier pressure relief immediately pops off. What does this indicate? | show 🗑
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| A design that increases surface area and enhances evaporation by incorporating an absorbent material partially submerged in a water reservoir that is surrounded by a heating element best describes what type of humidifier? | show 🗑
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| show | heat-moisture exchanger
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| show | hemoconcentration
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| What is the most common device used to generate bland aerosols? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following nebulizers uses a piezoelectric transducer to generate liquid particle aerosols? | show 🗑
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| All of the following sites are used for arterial blood sampling by percutaneous needle puncture except: | show 🗑
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| Indications for arterial blood sampling by percutaneous needle puncture include all of the following except the need to: | show 🗑
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| show | I, II, and III
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| All of the following are grounds for finding an alternative site for arterial puncture except: | show 🗑
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| Precautions and/or possible complications of arterial puncture include which of the following? I. arteriospasm II. embolization III. infection IV. hemorrhage | show 🗑
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| show | Compress both the radial and ulnar arteries, then release the ulnar artery.
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| show | I and III
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| show | pH
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| To measure PCO2, blood gas analyzers use what electrode? | show 🗑
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| show | comparing the analyzer’s measurements to known values
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| show | pleural effusion
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| show | lateral decubitus
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| show | 3.5 to 4.8 mEq/L
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| Which of the following tests is used to evaluate renal function? | show 🗑
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| show | eosinophils
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