chapter 8 fosbinder
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What type of radiation produces an image of body parts in direct exposure radiography? | show 🗑
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| why does direct exposure radiography increase patient dose? | show 🗑
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| show | increases it.
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| define- intensifying screens | show 🗑
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| What do the phosphors in intensifying screens do? | show 🗑
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| what is the purpose of intensifying screens? | show 🗑
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| What percentage of screens can be exposed by light and x-rays? | show 🗑
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| What does an intensifying screen do to recorded detail? | show 🗑
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| show | 1.protective layer (closest to film)
2.phosphor layer
3.reflecting or absorbing layer
4.base layer (farthest from film/closest to the cassette)
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| what is the base layer made of? | show 🗑
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| show | 1.flexible and chemically stable and provides support/stability for phosphor layer.
2.chemically inert
3.radiolucent
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| Does a screen have both a reflective layer and an absorbing layer? | show 🗑
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| What does the reflecting layer do? | show 🗑
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| What does the absorbing layer do? | show 🗑
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| show | increases efficiency
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| show | decreases recorded detail
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| How does the absorbing layer of the intensifying screen affect the recorded detail of the image? | show 🗑
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| show | The active layer
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| Why is the phosphor layer the most important screen component? | show 🗑
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| What is the protective layer made of? | show 🗑
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| What will happen if there is damage to the protective layer? | show 🗑
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| show | white dots/specks
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| the negative density of white lines on a film are the result of? | show 🗑
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| show | 1.high atomic number
2.conversion efficiency
3.luminescence
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| show | to ensure interaction with x-ray photons
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| show | Refers to the number of light photons that are generated for every x-ray photon.
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| show | The production of light from the phosphor upon interaction with a x-ray photon.
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| show | 1.fluorescence (good)
2.phosphorescence (bad)
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| show | The desired type of luminescence. The ability of phosphors to instantaneously produce visible light when exposed to x-rays.then stops when exposure ceases.
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| What is phosphorescence? | show 🗑
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| how does afterglow affect density on the image? | show 🗑
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| What is spectral emission? | show 🗑
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| show | The color of light to which a particular film is most sensitive.
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| What type of film is sensitive to blue light? | show 🗑
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| show | orthrochromatic
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| show | Correctly matching the color sensitivity of film to color emission of intensifying screens.
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| show | No image will be recorded
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| show | CaWO4
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| show | blue light
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| what % of x-rays are converted into light by calcium tungstate phosphors? | show 🗑
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| what % of x-rays are converted into light by rare earth screens? | show 🗑
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| what are the 3 types of rare earth screens? | show 🗑
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| show | blue light
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| what type of light does gadolinium emit? | show 🗑
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| What is the intensification factor? | show 🗑
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| what is screen speed/relative speed? | show 🗑
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| show | inverse-increased screen speed = decreased recorded detail
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| what are the 10 factors effecting screen speed? | show 🗑
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| show | the larger the phosphor, the more divergence of light,therefore there is a decrease in recorded detail.
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| what does the thickness of the phosphor layer mean for screen speed? | show 🗑
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| how does distribution of the phosphors effect the intensifying screen? | show 🗑
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| how does kvp effect intensifying screens? | show 🗑
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| show | increasing temperature causes significant damage to the phosphors and will impede light production.
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| show | reflects light back toward film and increases speed of screen
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| what does the absorbing layer in a screen do? | show 🗑
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| what is absorption efficiency? | show 🗑
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| increasing the atomic number of the phosphors in screens does what to absorption? | show 🗑
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| what is the absorption percentage for rare earth? | show 🗑
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| what is the absorption percentage for calcium tungstate? | show 🗑
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| show | refers to how well screen phosphors convert incident photons to light
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| show | Rare earth because it produces 3-4 times more light
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| what does decreasing the thickness of the phosphor layer do to recorded detail? | show 🗑
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| show | 400SS
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| What is the average slow screen speed? | show 🗑
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| What is the relationship between mAs and screen speed? | show 🗑
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| what is the mAs conversion formula? | show 🗑
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| What type of screens are AECs usually calibrated to work with? | show 🗑
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| show | Decreased density since AEC usually work with fast screen a when paired with a slow speed the image would come out under developed.
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| show | when very low number of photons are used to produce image density, image appears mottled/blotchy.
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| show | increases quantum mottle and decreases recorded detail
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| what can you do to correct quantum mottle? | show 🗑
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| 5 qualities of the cassette/container for film and screen | show 🗑
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| what is used to test good film and screen contact? | show 🗑
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| show | PE= mA X time X kvp^2 X SS / SID^2 X GCF
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