Tox Final
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| synthetic cannabinoids | compounds similar in structure to and/or mimic effects of THC
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| synthetic cathinones | amphetamine-like compounds that have stimulant and/or hallucinogenic effects
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| Federal analog laws | similar in chemical structure and/or effects to schedule I or II drugs are banned
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| AL state analog laws | same a federal, but broadened to include drugs with stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effects and drugs which bind to cannabinoid receptors and have the ability to produce an effect
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| What are the effects/uses of cannabinoid antagonists? | decrease food intake; initially showed some promise as treatment for obesity
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| JWH | J. W. Huffman, first to produce synthetic cannabinoids
JWH compounds have an indole group with and N-modification
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| HU | Hebrew University, dibenzopyran structures, 100-800x stronger binding to CB1, resembles classic THC structure
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| CP | Pfizer, cyclohexyphenol, 45x stronger than THC, binds CB1
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| WIN | Sterling Winthrop, aminoalkylindoles
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| Where are CB1 receptors located? | Mainly in the brain. Also in CNS, muscle, lungs, liver, kidney
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| What effects are produced when CB1 is activated? | euphoria, relaxation, cognitive impairment
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| Where are CB2 receptors located? | immune system. Effects are not known at this time
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| Why are synthetic cannabinoids toxic but THC isn't? | THC is a partial agonist, but synthetics are full agonists
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| From what plant are cathinones derived? | Khat
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| What are the medical uses for bupropion? | depression, smoking cessation
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| When is the typical onset of effects for synthetic cathinones? | 15-45 minutes
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| What is the mechanism of action for synthetic cathinones? | inhibit reuptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, block membrane catecholamine transporters, incrase pre-syntptic release
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| What are the intended effects of synthetic cathinones? | euphoria, increased alertness, energy, sexual arousal
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| What are the side effects of synthetic cathinones? | severe agitation, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, paranoia, hallucinations, delusions, extreme agression
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| What is the result of mixing alcohol with energy drinks? | get drunk faster and reduce sedative effects of alcohol
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| What is the half life of phenazepam? | 15-60 hours
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| How is phenazepam metabolized? | 3-OH-phenazepam via CYP3A
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| What are some effects of phenazepam? | dizziness, incordination, asthenia, somnolence
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| What is commonly seen with phenazepam? | marijuana, synthetic cannabinoids, and bath salts
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