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Science Terms Chapter 4

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Term
Definition
Chromosome   A threadlike structure in a cell nuclear that carries genes  
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DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)   A Biological molecule found in the cell nuclear that carries genetic information  
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Gene   A segment of DNA located at a specific place on a chromosome each contain information to produce proteins  
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Gene Mutation   A change in the specific order of the A, G, C, and T bases that make up a particular gene  
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Gene Therapy   Techniques developed to alter mutated genes in order to make them function normally  
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Mutagens   Substances or factory that can cause mutations in DNA  
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Negative Mutation   A mutation that harms an organism or reduces the probability that organisms with the mutation can produce offspring or survive in their environment  
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Neutral Mutation   A mutation that does not affect the organism or does not increase or decrease the survival rate of the organism  
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Nucleolus   A membrane free organelle that floats in the interior of the nucleas and makes ribosomes  
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Nucleas   An organelle that controls all the activities within a cell  
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Positive Mutation   A mutation that benefits an organism  
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Protein   essential materials required for the cell to carry out the activities necessary for its survival  
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