Drugs for Central Nervous System Disorders
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| Fairly common neurological disorder characterized by sudden and recurring seizures | Epilepsy
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| The three states of a neuron | Resting, firing, returning to rest
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| The two neurotransmitters that play the greatest role in seizures | GABA and Glutamate
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| The two major types of seizures | Partial and Generalized
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| The single most important concept in treating epilepsy | Monotherapy
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| Serious disorder involving continuous tonic-clonic convulsions, with or without a return to consciousness, that last at least 30 minutes. Can cause brain damage or death | Status Epilepticus
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| The drug of choice for status epilepticus | Diazepam (Valium) IV
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| The only indication for this schedule IV benzodiazepine is prophylaxis of seizures | Clonazepam (Klonopin)
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| This popular drug is used as an adjunct in epilepsy therapy and is also used for neuropathic pain, bipolar disorder, migraine prevention, hot flashes, MS, ADD, and alcohol withdrawal | Gabapentin (Neurontin)
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| This drug has a black box warning about fatal rashes | Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
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| This drug is often used to treat seizures induced by alcohol withdrawal | Lorazepam (Ativan)
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| This anticonvulsant is a schedule V because it can cause euphoria and withdrawal | Pregabalin (Lyrica)
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| The three characteristic signs of this disease are tremors while resting, rigidity, and akinesia | Parkinson's Disease
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| No definitive tests exist for this disease, so it's diagnosed almost exclusively by its symptoms | Parkinson's Disease
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| This drug is considered to be the gold standard in Parkinson's drug therapy | Levodopa
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| This drug can be used as an antiviral to treat influenza and can also be used to treat Parkinson's disease | Amantadine (Symmetrel)
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| The most commonly used drug to treat Parkinson's disease | Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet)
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| A wide fluctuation between abnormally increased and abnormally diminished motor function, present in Parkinson's patients after about five years of levodopa therapy | On-off phenomenon
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| This disease is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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| The only drug approved to treat ALS. It improves survival by approximately three months | Riluzole (Rilutek)
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| Drugs used to treat this autoimmune disease are very expensive | Multiple Sclerosis
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| A degenerative disorder of the brain that leads to progressive dementia and changes in behavior and personality. Depression is part of the disease profile. | Alzheimer's disease
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| Most of the drugs used to treat ADD or ADHD belong to this drug class | Amphetamines (Schedule II)
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| The only nonstimulant medication used to treat ADHD in patients 6 years and older | Atomoxetine (Strattera)
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| The drug of choice to treat ADHD or ADD | methylphenidate
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| Generic for Ativan | lorazepam
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| Generic for Topamax | topiramate
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| Generic for Concerta | methylphenidate
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| Generic for Lamictal | lamotrigine
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| Generic for Klonopin | clonazepam
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| Generic for Aricept | donepezil
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| Generic for Sinemet | carbidopa-levodopa
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| Generic for Tegretol | carbamazepine
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| Generic for Dilantin | phenytoin
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| Generic for Neurontin | gabapentin
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| Generic for Keppra | levetiracetam
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| Generic for Depakote | divalproex
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| Generic for Valium | diazepam
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| Generic for Requip | ropinirole
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| Generic for Adderall | dextroamphetamine-amphetamine
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