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Chapter 8
Drugs for Central Nervous System Disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fairly common neurological disorder characterized by sudden and recurring seizures | Epilepsy |
| The three states of a neuron | Resting, firing, returning to rest |
| The two neurotransmitters that play the greatest role in seizures | GABA and Glutamate |
| The two major types of seizures | Partial and Generalized |
| The single most important concept in treating epilepsy | Monotherapy |
| Serious disorder involving continuous tonic-clonic convulsions, with or without a return to consciousness, that last at least 30 minutes. Can cause brain damage or death | Status Epilepticus |
| The drug of choice for status epilepticus | Diazepam (Valium) IV |
| The only indication for this schedule IV benzodiazepine is prophylaxis of seizures | Clonazepam (Klonopin) |
| This popular drug is used as an adjunct in epilepsy therapy and is also used for neuropathic pain, bipolar disorder, migraine prevention, hot flashes, MS, ADD, and alcohol withdrawal | Gabapentin (Neurontin) |
| This drug has a black box warning about fatal rashes | Lamotrigine (Lamictal) |
| This drug is often used to treat seizures induced by alcohol withdrawal | Lorazepam (Ativan) |
| This anticonvulsant is a schedule V because it can cause euphoria and withdrawal | Pregabalin (Lyrica) |
| The three characteristic signs of this disease are tremors while resting, rigidity, and akinesia | Parkinson's Disease |
| No definitive tests exist for this disease, so it's diagnosed almost exclusively by its symptoms | Parkinson's Disease |
| This drug is considered to be the gold standard in Parkinson's drug therapy | Levodopa |
| This drug can be used as an antiviral to treat influenza and can also be used to treat Parkinson's disease | Amantadine (Symmetrel) |
| The most commonly used drug to treat Parkinson's disease | Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet) |
| A wide fluctuation between abnormally increased and abnormally diminished motor function, present in Parkinson's patients after about five years of levodopa therapy | On-off phenomenon |
| This disease is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
| The only drug approved to treat ALS. It improves survival by approximately three months | Riluzole (Rilutek) |
| Drugs used to treat this autoimmune disease are very expensive | Multiple Sclerosis |
| A degenerative disorder of the brain that leads to progressive dementia and changes in behavior and personality. Depression is part of the disease profile. | Alzheimer's disease |
| Most of the drugs used to treat ADD or ADHD belong to this drug class | Amphetamines (Schedule II) |
| The only nonstimulant medication used to treat ADHD in patients 6 years and older | Atomoxetine (Strattera) |
| The drug of choice to treat ADHD or ADD | methylphenidate |
| Generic for Ativan | lorazepam |
| Generic for Topamax | topiramate |
| Generic for Concerta | methylphenidate |
| Generic for Lamictal | lamotrigine |
| Generic for Klonopin | clonazepam |
| Generic for Aricept | donepezil |
| Generic for Sinemet | carbidopa-levodopa |
| Generic for Tegretol | carbamazepine |
| Generic for Dilantin | phenytoin |
| Generic for Neurontin | gabapentin |
| Generic for Keppra | levetiracetam |
| Generic for Depakote | divalproex |
| Generic for Valium | diazepam |
| Generic for Requip | ropinirole |
| Generic for Adderall | dextroamphetamine-amphetamine |
Created by:
sarakiefer
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