process skills and chapter 7
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| observing | the ability to identify properties, structures, etc. through use of all senses
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| predicting | the ability to guess outcomes on basis of previous experiences
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| prediction | a statement made about the future outcome of an experiment based on past experiences or observations
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| problem | the statement of what needs to be solved
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| procedure | an ordered series of all the steps followed to help answer a question
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| (experiment) purpose | the statement of what you want to accomplish in an experiment to solve a problem. The reason for doing the experiment
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| qualitative data | data that is based on observable characteristics of things or events that can be collected using the senses. Example: The juice tastes sweet to me.
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| quantitative data | data that is based on measurable characteristics of things or events such as mass, volume, length, and quantity. Example: There is one liter of juice in the bottle.
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| questioning | the ability to ask pertinent questions regarding experiences
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| recording | ability to collect, record and tabulate data meaningfully
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| repeated trails | experimental tests done more than once
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| replication | repeated trails on more than one subject, as well as controls, in experimental tests
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| researching | the ability to seek additional info, sources, conditions, personnel, events
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| (data) results | a complete account of all data that was collected during the experiment (including charts, graphs, pictures, etc.)
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| science | the study of nature and the physical world using the methods of science to find things out
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| scientist | a person who "does" science and uses the methods of science
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| scientific law | a generalized pattern in nature
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| scientific method | a systemized testing of ideas, hypothesis, predictions and inferences about the natural world. A process used to try to solve a problem.
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| scientific theory | a casual explanation for generalized patterns in nature that is supported by much scientific evidence based on data collected using scientific methods
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| variation | slight differences among objects, organisms or events that are all of the same basic type
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| variable | something that can affect a system being examined, and is therefore a factor that may change in an experiment
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| dependent variable | a factor that responds to changes in other variables in an experiment. It is what will happen when to apply the independent variable. Example: (heat lamp), (ice cream melt rate)
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| independent variable | a factor that can be changed or manipulated in an experiment by the scientist. It is what you are going to do to solve the problem.
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| (conclusion) generalizing | the ability to sum up experiences into some kind of conclusion
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| hypothesis | a testable statement of how a scientist thinks a problem can be solved; educated guess
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| identifying | the ability to describe and interpret sensory and qualitative aspects of learning
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| interdisciplinary skills | the ability to identify those areas of science which are interrelated to other disciplines such as math. English and Social Studies
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| interpreting | the ability to analyze data validly (similarities, dissimilarities, cause/effect)
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| materials | a list of all the items needed to conduct an experiment/investigation to see if the hypothesis is true
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| measuring | the ability to find quantitative differences, to estimate, calculate, etc. (metric); to compare characteristics (such as mass, length, volume) with a standard (such as grams, meters, liters)
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| (procedure) methods | an ordered series of stops followed to help answer a question
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| observation | the data collected by using the senses to learn about objects and events
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| physical change | a change in size, shape, or state of matter. (no new substances created?)
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| (water) solid | ice- H2O
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| (water) liquid | H2O- melting point- 32 degrees F
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| water vapor | (gas) H2O- boiling point- 212 degrees F
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| solid | matter with definite shape and definite volume. Molecules are tightly compacted- little room for movement
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| liquid | matter with no definite shape but definite volume. Molecules have more room for movement- they flow
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| gas | matter that has no definite volume and no definite shape. Molecules have the most room for movement. They have the most kinetic energy
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| mixture | a physical change which is a combination of two or more substances that can be easily separated. Example: trail mix
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| solution | a physical change that is a mixture of two or more substances involving a liquid. Normally a solvent and a solute can be easily separated. Example: saltwater
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| colloid | a physical change where two or more substances, are combined and particles are evenly distributed. Example: milk
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| suspension | a physical change that is a colloid where particles are not evenly distributed. Particles are generally larger.
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| if you add heat to matter, the atoms that make up the matter will begin to move... | faster
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| type of matter that is most common in the universe... | plasma
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| point at which a liquid changes into a gas... | boiling point
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| number of states of matter... | 4
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| when a gas cools down to a liquid... | condensation
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| point at which a liquid turns into a solid... | freezing point
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| point at which a solid turns to a liquid... | melting point
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| type of change when you freeze water? | physical
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| when a liquid reaches its boiling point and turns into a vapor... | evaporation
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| sublimation | when a solid transforms directly into a gas. Example: dry ice
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| matter in a gas state will_________ to fill its container | expand
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| you can change the state of matter by adding or subtracting... | heat
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| the particles in liquids _____________past each other. | float
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| if you subtract heat from matter, the atoms that make up the matter will begin to move... | slower
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| the particles in a solid state move around__________ point. | fixed
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| the pull on the surface of liquids that allow liquids to form drops when they fall... | surface tension
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| what happens in the process of evaporation? | the liquid hits boiling point and turns the liquid to a gas. The gas goes into the atmosphere
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| why are changes in phase physical changes? | the atomic structure is the same; its nly changing the way it looks
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| why is rust forming on a nail not a physical change? | rust is a new substance that is created through a chemical change
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| why are most physical changes easy to recognize? | there appearance has changed
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