Tox Test 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What are symptoms of depression? | sadness, depressed mood, inactivity, loss of interest or pleasure, reduced ability to enjoy life, sleep disturbances
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| What are some treatments for depression? | pharmaceuticals, psychotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy
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| What is the mechanism of action for antidepressants? | mechanism is unclear, believed to involve reuptake inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine
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| What are some first generation antidepressants? | TCAs, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
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| When are MAOIs used? | when people are allergic/unresponsive to TCAs
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| What is the mechanism of action for first generation antidepressants? | affect seratonin and norepinephrine reuptake
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| What are the side effects of TCAs and MAOIs? | block a1: hypotension, dizziness, sedation
block H1: weight gain, sedation
block M1: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention
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| What is the mechanism of action for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors? | inhibit serotonin reuptake without side effects of TCAs and MAOIs
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| Wht are the side effects of SSRIs? | anxiety, sleep disturbances, sexual dysfunction
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| What are some third generation antidepressants? | venlafaxine, mirtazapine, nefazodone
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| What is the mechanism of action for venlafaxine? | blocks serotonin and NE reuptake, also a weak inhibitor of dopamine
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| What is the mechanism of action for mirtazapine? | a2 antagonist, 5-HT2 antagonist, 5-HT3 antagonist
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| What are th side effects of mirtazapine? | weight gain and sedation
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| What is the metabolism of third generation antidepressants? | lipophillic and well-absorbed, undergo heavy 1st pass metabolism. Most metabolize by hydroxylayion and demethylation
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| How do antipsychotics work? | They do not eliminate th fundamental thinking disorder, but they permit the patient to function in a supportive environment.
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| What are the symptoms of schizophrenia? | delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior, los of ability to speak, lack of will, lack of emotional expression
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| What are some typical antipsychotics? | phenothiazines, thioxanthines, dibenzoxapines, butyrophenones, benzamides
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| What are some atypical antipsychotics? | clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole
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| What is the mechanism of action for antipsychotics? | block DA receptors in brain and periphery. They are antagonized by drugs that raise DA levels. Also inhibit 5-HT receptors
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| What are the effects of antipsychotics? | reduce spontaneous physical movement, do not depress intellectual/motor function, may cause sedation. Usually takes several weeks to see results.
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| What are the extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotics? | parkinsonian symptoms, motor restlessness, tardive dyskinesia. Co-administration of benztropine can reduce effects.
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| What are the adverse effects of antipsychotics? | parkinsonian symptoms, drowsiness, confusion, dry mouth, urinary retention, sexual dysfunction, constipation. May aggravate EtOH withdrawal, epilepsy
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Created by:
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