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Plate Tectonics

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Question
Answer
Alfred Wegener   The German scientists who in 1912 developed the theory of continental drift later to be known as plate tectonics.  
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Transform Boundary   A plate boundary where two plates slide horizontally past each other.  
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Divergent Boundary   A plate boundary where two plates move aways from each other.  
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Plate Tectonics   The theory that pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.  
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Sea-Floor Spreading   The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor.  
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Mid-Ocean Ridge   The undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced by a divergent boundary.  
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Continental Drift   The hypothesis that the continents slowly move across the Earth’s surface developed by Alfred Wegener.  
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Convection   The transfer of heat by movements of a heated fluid.  
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Convection Current   The movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another. This happens in the mantle.  
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Deep Ocean Trench   Deep valleys along the ocean floor through which oceanic crust slowly sinks towards the mantle.  
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Fault   A break in the Earth’s crust where slabs of rock slip past each other.  
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Convergent Boundary   A plate boundary where two plates move towards each other.  
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Pangea   Hypothetical land area believed to have once connected nearly all of the Earth's land masses together.  
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Tsunami   A large ocean wave that is caused by sudden motion on the ocean floor. This sudden motion could be an earthquake, a powerful volcanic eruption, or an underwater landslide.  
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