Antiinfectives/IV fluids/blood products
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| Anti-infective medications are commonly referred to as | antibiotics.
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| Antibiotics are effective against many types of | bacteria.
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| Antibiotics are not effective against any | viral infection.
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| For antibiotics to be effective against a bacterial infection they must be taken | on time and
until the prescription (Rx) is completed.
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| If this procedure is not followed, the infection can remain, and the possibility of a | resistant strain of bacteria can be created.
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| Bacteria are identified by using a | staining technique.
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| Bacteria that stain pink are called | gram negative.
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| Bacteria that stain violet are called | gram positive.
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| Broad spectrum antibiotics are effective against a | variety of different types of bacteria.
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| Antibiotics can reduce the effectiveness of an | influenza vaccination.
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| Sulfonamide antibiotics are commonly referred to as | sulfa drugs.”
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| sulfadiazine | sulfonamide antibiotics
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| Gantrisin | sulfonamide antibiotics
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| Bactrim or Septra | sulfonamide antibiotics
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| Gantrisin AKA | sulfisoxazole.
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| Bactrim or Septra | sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) & trimethoprim (TMP)
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| Amoxil or Trimox | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| Principen | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| Pfizerpen or Bicillin or Permapen | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| Ticar | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| dicloxacillin. | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| nafcillin | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| oxacillin | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| piperacillin | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| methicillin | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| Augmentin | penicillin (PCN) antibiotics:
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| Amoxil or Trimox AKA | amoxicillin
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| Principen AKA | ampicillin
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| Pfizerpen or Bicillin or Permapen AKA | penicillin
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| Ticar AKA | ticarcillin.
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| Penicillin (PCN) resistant bacteria produce an antagonistic enzyme called | penicillinase.
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| MRSA stands for | methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
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| PCN stands for | penicillin
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| Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant to the following penicillin antibiotics | methicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin, dicloxacillin, nafcillin, and oxacillin
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| Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is normally found in | 1% of the general population.
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| The most common place to find methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a | hospital or nursing facility.
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| Most methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are not serious but some can be | life threatening.
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| Risk factors for methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection include | 1. Diabetes mellitus (DM).
2. Cancer (Ca).
3. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
4. Surgical procedures.
5. Poor aseptic technique
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| Outbreaks of community associated methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (CAMRSA) have been seen where people share close quarters such as | schools,
day care centers and
gyms
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| The most effective technique to prevent transmission of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is | proper hand washing
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| PRSP stands for | penicillin resistant streptococcus pneumonia.
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| The following medications will be classified as 1. cefadroxil. 2. Duricef. 3. cefazolin. 4. cephalexin (free). 5. Keflex. 6. cefaclor | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| 7. Ceclor. 8. cefditoren. 9. Spectracef. 10. cefotetan. 11. Cefotan. 12. cefoxitin | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| 13. Mefoxin. 14. cefprozil. 15. Cefzil 16. cefuroxime. 17. Ceftin. 18. Zinacef | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| 19. cefdinir. 20. Omnicef. 21. cefepime. 22. Maxipime. 23. cefixime. 24. Suprax | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| 25. cefoperazone. 26. Cefobid. 27. cefotaxime. 28. Claforan. 29. cefpodoxime. 30. Vantin | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| 31. ceftazidime. 32. Tazicef. 33. Ceptaz 34. Fortaz. 35. ceftibuten. 36. Cedax | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| 37. ceftizoxime. 38. Cefizox. 39. ceftriaxone. 40. Rocephin. 41. Ceftobiprole | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Ceclor | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Mefoxin | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Maxipime | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Suprax | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Claforan | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Vantin | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Ceptaz | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Fortaz | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Cedax | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Rocephin | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant to cephalosporin antibiotics except | Ceftobiprole.
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| Many patients who are allergic to penicillin (PCN) antibiotics are also allergic to | cephalosporin antibiotics
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| A medication that prolongs the therapeutic blood levels of penicillin antibiotics and cephalosporin antibiotics is called | probenecid
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| Garamycin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| kanamycin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| Kantrex | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| amakacin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| Amakin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| neomycin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| paromomycin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| Humatin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| streptomycin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| tobramycin | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| TOBI | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| Tobrex | aminoglycoside antibiotics
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| Garamycin AKA | gentamicin
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| Aminoglycoside antibiotics can be | nephrotoxic (kidney failure) and/or
ototoxic (deafness)
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| Vibramycin or Vibra-Tabs | tetracycline antibiotics
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| demeclocycline | tetracycline antibiotics
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| Declomycin | tetracycline antibiotics
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| Minocycline | tetracycline antibiotics
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| Dynacin | tetracycline antibiotics
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| Minocin | tetracycline antibiotics
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| tetracycline | tetracycline antibiotics
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| Sumycin | tetracycline antibiotics
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| Vibramycin or Vibra-Tabs AKA | doxycycline
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| Cipro | miscellaneous antibiotics
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| Cipro AKA | ciprofloxacin
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| Cipro (ciprofloxacin) can lose effectiveness if combined with | fruit juices
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| Zithromax Z-Pak | miscellaneous antibiotics
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| Biaxin | miscellaneous antibiotics
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| Levaquin | miscellaneous antibiotics
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| Floxin | miscellaneous antibiotics
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| Avelox | miscellaneous antibiotics
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| E.E.S. or Eryzole or Eryderm or Eryc or EryPed or Erythrocin or Ery-Tab or Pediazole | erythromycin
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| Erythromycin drops (gtt) are commonly administered to treat sexually transmitted diseases IN THE EYES OF | neonate (newborn) {NB}.
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| Vancocin AKA | vancomycin
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| Vancocin (vancomycin) is commonly prescribed to treat | methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
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| Zithromax Z-Pak AKA | azithromycin
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| VRSA stands for | vancomycin resistant staphylococcus aureus.
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| VRE stands for | vancomycin resistant enterococcus
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| AIDS stands for | acquired immune deficiency syndrome
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| HIV stands for | human immunodeficiency virus
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| Only __ cases of occupational exposure has resulted in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Only __ cases of occupational exposure has resulted in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. | 55
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| The “window period” for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is | 2 weeks to 6 months.
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| The “window period” is the time between exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and | detection with a blood test
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| A person with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can transmit the virus to others during the | window period
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| The average incubation period between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is | 2-10 years.
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| The diagnosis (Dx) of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) occurs when the CD4 T lymphocyte count drops below | 200 mm3 or
an opportunistic infection occurs
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| Antiviral medications work by interfering with the | reproductive cycle of the virus targeted
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| Retrovir | Antiviral medications to treat the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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| Epivir | Antiviral medications to treat the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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| Sustiva | Antiviral medications to treat the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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| Retrovir AKA | zidovudine
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| Epivir AKA | lamivudine
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| Sustiva AKA | efavirenz (EFV).
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| Retrovir (zidovudine), Epivir (lamivudine), and Sustiva (efavirenz) are routinely given in combination and called an | AIDS cocktail.”
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| Antiviral medications prescribed to treat the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) must be taken faithfully every day to prevent the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from developing a | resistance
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| _______is prescribed to treat the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) | Lithobid (lithium)
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| CONT'D -because of it’s side effect (SE) of | leukocytosis
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| Leukocytosis means | an elevated white blood cell count
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| Lithobid (lithium) is primarily used to treat | bipolar mental disorder (BMD) AKA
manic-depressive illness (MDI).
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| acyclovir | Antiviral medications to treat the herpes simplex virus I (HSVI) include
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| Abreva | Antiviral medications to treat the herpes simplex virus I (HSVI) include
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| acyclovir AKA | Zovirax.
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| acyclovir | Antiviral medications to treat the herpes simplex virus II (HSVII) include:
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| Valtrex | Antiviral medications to treat the herpes simplex virus II (HSVII) include:
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| acyclovir | Antiviral medications to treat the herpes zoster virus (HZV) (shingles) include:
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| Valtrex | Antiviral medications to treat the herpes zoster virus (HZV) (shingles) include:
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| Tamiflu | Antiviral medications to treat influenza A and B include
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| Relenza | Antiviral medications to treat influenza A and B include
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| Symmetrel | Antiviral medications to treat influenza A and B include
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| Ringworm | Fungal infections (dermatophytosis) include:
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| Athlete’s foot | Fungal infections (dermatophytosis) include:
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| Ringworm AKA | tinea corporis
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| Athlete’s foot AKA | tinea pedis
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| GROIN RINGWORM, JOCK ITCH AKA | tinea cruris
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| Fungal infection of the scalp AKA | tinea capitis
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| Candida albicans (candidiasis) | Fungal infections (dermatophytosis) include:
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| Onychomycosis | Fungal infections (dermatophytosis) include:
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| Candida albicans (candidiasis) AKA | vaginal yeast infection or
thrush.
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| Onychomycosis which is a fungal infection of the | nails
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| Medications to treat fungal infections (dermatophytosis) are called | antifungals
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| Diflucan | Antifungal medications
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| Nizoral | Antifungal medications
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| Fungizone | Antifungal medications
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| Monistat or Vagistat | Antifungal medications
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| Diflucan AKA | fluconazole
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| Nizoral AKA | ketoconazole
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| Fungizone AKA | amphotericin B
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| Monistat or Vagistat AKA | miconazole or tioconazole
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| The bag or bottle containing intravenous (IV) fluid, connecting tubing, and a needle or flexible catheter inserted in the vein is called an | intravenous (IV) line.
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| Intravenous (IV) infusion rate orders are usually expressed as | milliliters (mL)/hour or cubic centimeters (cc)/hour.
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| When an intravenous (IV) fluid is administered over several hours it is called an | intravenous (IV) drip
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| A drop (gt) is AKA | minim
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| A small bag/bottle of medication connected into the intravenous (IV) tubing and hung next to the main intravenous (IV) bag/bottle is called | intravenous piggyback (IVPB).
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| Intravenous (IV) tubing has rubber stoppers to inject medications called | ports
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| A very slow infusion of intravenous (IV) fluid designed to prevent coagulation from occurring at the opening of the intravenous (IV) catheter is called | keep vein open (KVO) AKA
to keep open (TKO
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| Intermittent administration of intravenous (IV) medications and fluids via an intravenous (IV) access site without the intravenous (IV) tubing or continuous intravenous (IV) infusion is called a | reseal or
heparin lock (“hep-lock”).
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| A computer that controls the amount of intravenous (IV) solution delivered to a patient (Pt) is called an | infusion pump.
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| A programmable device allowing a patient (Pt) to administer their own intravenous (IV) analgesic (narcotic) is called | patient controlled analgesia (PCA
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| A catheter inserted into a peripheral vein and advanced to the superior vena cava for prolonged intravenous (IV) therapy such as antineoplastics (chemotherapy) is called | peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).
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| A catheter inserted into a large central vein for prolonged intravenous (IV) therapy such as hemodialysis (HD) is called a | central line (CL).
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| The salts of the body are also referred to as electrolytes (“lytes”) and include | sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl).
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| Ringer’s lactate is a solution made of fixed amounts of | dextrose, sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), and lactate
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| TPN which stands for | total parenteral nutrition AKA
hyperalimentation (“hyperal”).
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| Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is | complete nutrition provided through an intravenous (IV) catheter
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| Such nutrition will include: A. Intravenous (IV) lipids | LIPIDS ARE FATS
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| Intravenous (IV) lipids AKA | Intralipid or
Liposyn.
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| B. Amino acids for | protein creation
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| Salts | (electrolytes).
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| Sugar | dextrose)
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| M.V.I. which stands for | multivitamins for injection.
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| Whole blood (WB) contains | Erythrocytes which are
red blood cells (RBCs).
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| Whole blood (WB) contains | Leukocytes which are
white blood cells (WBCs).
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| Whole blood (WB) contains | Thrombocytes AKA
platelets (clot cells).
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| Plasma which is the | liquid portion of the blood containing proteins and clotting factors
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| PRBCs which stands for | packed red blood cells.
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| Packed red blood cells (PRBC) are concentrated numbers of | erythrocytes (RBCs) and very little plasma.
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| FFP which stands for | fresh frozen plasma
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| Cryoprecipitates which refers to | clotting factor(s).
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| Cryoprecipitates are used to treat the genetic coagulopathy | hemophilia.
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| Dextran which is a | plasma volume expander
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| Blood products are commonly measured in | units (U).
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