Thalamus
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| The major part of the diencephalon is the? | Thalamus
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| What % of the diencephalon is the thalamus? | 80%
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| Thalamus is located rostral to the ____? | Brainstem
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| The thalamus is divided by the ___? | 3rd ventricle
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| How many divisions does the thalamus have? | 4 thalamus, subthalamus, epithalamus, and hypothalamus
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| The Subthalamus relates to _____ in the regulation of _____? | basal ganglia, Motor activity
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| The Epithalamus relates to the _______ and regulation of _____? | limbic system, Circadian rythyms
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| The Hypothalamus relates to the _________ for control of ____ function? | limbic system and ANS, Visceral
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| What is the function of the thalamus? | Decides what sensory and motor info should go to the cortex
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| How many thalamic nuclei are there? | 5
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| What are the 5 thalamic nuclei? | Anterior, Medial, Lateral, Intralaminar, Reticular
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| Attention, memory, emotions are functions of? | Anterior Nuclei
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| Which nuclei is a relay nucleus for the limbic system? | Anterior Nuclei
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| The anterior nuclei area is important for _____? | Basic emotions that are important for preservation
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| Anterior nuclei receive info from the ____ tract. | Mammillothalamic
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| Anterior nuclei send info to the ___? | Cingulated gyrus
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| Medial Nuclei are also called? | Dorsomedial nuclei
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| Medial nuclei provide important connections btwn ____ and ____? | Prefrontal cortex and limbic system
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| Which Nuclei are responsible for “gut feelings”? | Medial nuclei
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| Medial nuclei are in charge of ____? | Memory, affect, foresight and goal-directed behavior
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| Which nuclei are the oldest nuclei phylogenetically? | Intralaminar Nuclei
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| Which nuclei are referred to as the arousal system, similar to RAS? | Intralaminar Nuclei
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| What does RAS stand for? | Reticular Activating System
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| What are the 2 principle nuclei of Intralaminar Nuclei? | Centromedian and parafascicular
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| Which nucleus is responsible for internal modulation of the thalamus? | Reticular nucleus
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| Which nucleus is known as the "shell of the the M&M"? | Reticular nucleus
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| Does the reticular nuclei send info to the cerebral cortex? | NO
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| Reticular Nuclei integrate info from the __ and ____? | Cerebral cortex and thalamus
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| What are the 2 tiers of the lateral nuclei? | Dorsal and ventral
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| The Dorsal Tier consists of? | Lateral Dorsal Nucleus(LD), Lateral Posterior nucleus(LP), and pulvinar nucleus
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| Which nucleus in the dorsal tier of the lateral nuclei receives input from the hippocampus, and sends output to the cingulate gyrus. | Lateral Dorsal Nucleus(LD)
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| The lateral posterior nucleus and the Pulvinar nucleus make up the? | Pulvinar-LP complex
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| The pulvinar-LP complex receives input from the _____? | Visual system
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| The pulvinar-LP complex is thought of as an area of? | sensory integration
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| The Ventral Tier of the lateral nuclei is made up of? | Ventral Anterior(VA),Ventral Lateral(VL),Ventral Posterior(VP),and medial and lateral geniculate nuclei.
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| The Ventral Posterior Nuclei are made up of? | Ventral Posterolateral(VPL), and Ventral Posteromedial(VPM) nuclei
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| Which nuclei are important motor relays? | VA & VL
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| Which nuclei receive info from the cerebellum and basal ganglia? | VA & VL
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| Where do the VA & VL send information? | Fromtal lobe, primary motor and premotor areas of the cortex
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| Which nuclei are important for somatosensory relay? | VP
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| Where does the VP receive info from? | Media Lemniscus and Spinothalamic tract
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| Where does the VP send info to? | Postcentral gyrus
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| Which nuclei this helps us gain conscious appreciation of skin sensations and proprioception? | VP
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| Which nucleui are responsible for somatosensory info from the body with LE info processing laterally, and UE info processing medially? | VPL
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| Which nuclei are responsible for somatosensory info from the head and neck? | VPM
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| Which nucleus is a relay for the visual system, processes info from the optic nerve, and relays info to the occipital lobe? | Lateral geniculate nucleus
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| This nucleus is part of the auditory system, receives input from the lateral lemniscus, relays auditory info to the temporal lobe for discrimination. | Medial Geniculate Nucleus
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| Blood supply to the thalamus comes from branches of the? | Posterior Cerebral Artery(PCA)
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| Hypotonia and contralateral limp ataxia result from lesions to which part of the thalamus? | Ventral Thalamus(VA & VL)
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| Connection interruptions between the ________ & ________ cause hypotonia and contralateral limb ataxia. | Cerebellum and Thalamus
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| Contralateral chorea, athetosis or ballismus are caused by lesions in what area of the thalamus? | Ventral
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| Contralateral chorea, athetosis or ballismus are due to interruptions of what connection? | Basal Ganglia
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| involuntary abrupt movements of the limbs and facial muscles = ? | Chorea
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| slow, writhing movements, mostly noted in the hands and fingers = ? | Athetosis
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| flailing of a limb = ? | Ballismus
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| Initial contralateral hemianesthesia with later severe pain of a burning nature called thalamic pain is due to disorders in the? | Ventral Posterior Thalamus
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| If the ___________ is affected you will have visual processing difficulty | lateral geniculate
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| loss of contralateral visual field = ? | Hemianopsia
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| If the ___________ is affected you will have emotional lability (not in control of your emotions) | anterior nucleus
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| If the ____________ is affected you will have decreased affect (facial expression indicating mood) | dorsomedial nucleus
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Created by:
txst fall 2008
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