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Neuroanatomy
Thalamus
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The major part of the diencephalon is the? | Thalamus |
| What % of the diencephalon is the thalamus? | 80% |
| Thalamus is located rostral to the ____? | Brainstem |
| The thalamus is divided by the ___? | 3rd ventricle |
| How many divisions does the thalamus have? | 4 thalamus, subthalamus, epithalamus, and hypothalamus |
| The Subthalamus relates to _____ in the regulation of _____? | basal ganglia, Motor activity |
| The Epithalamus relates to the _______ and regulation of _____? | limbic system, Circadian rythyms |
| The Hypothalamus relates to the _________ for control of ____ function? | limbic system and ANS, Visceral |
| What is the function of the thalamus? | Decides what sensory and motor info should go to the cortex |
| How many thalamic nuclei are there? | 5 |
| What are the 5 thalamic nuclei? | Anterior, Medial, Lateral, Intralaminar, Reticular |
| Attention, memory, emotions are functions of? | Anterior Nuclei |
| Which nuclei is a relay nucleus for the limbic system? | Anterior Nuclei |
| The anterior nuclei area is important for _____? | Basic emotions that are important for preservation |
| Anterior nuclei receive info from the ____ tract. | Mammillothalamic |
| Anterior nuclei send info to the ___? | Cingulated gyrus |
| Medial Nuclei are also called? | Dorsomedial nuclei |
| Medial nuclei provide important connections btwn ____ and ____? | Prefrontal cortex and limbic system |
| Which Nuclei are responsible for “gut feelings”? | Medial nuclei |
| Medial nuclei are in charge of ____? | Memory, affect, foresight and goal-directed behavior |
| Which nuclei are the oldest nuclei phylogenetically? | Intralaminar Nuclei |
| Which nuclei are referred to as the arousal system, similar to RAS? | Intralaminar Nuclei |
| What does RAS stand for? | Reticular Activating System |
| What are the 2 principle nuclei of Intralaminar Nuclei? | Centromedian and parafascicular |
| Which nucleus is responsible for internal modulation of the thalamus? | Reticular nucleus |
| Which nucleus is known as the "shell of the the M&M"? | Reticular nucleus |
| Does the reticular nuclei send info to the cerebral cortex? | NO |
| Reticular Nuclei integrate info from the __ and ____? | Cerebral cortex and thalamus |
| What are the 2 tiers of the lateral nuclei? | Dorsal and ventral |
| The Dorsal Tier consists of? | Lateral Dorsal Nucleus(LD), Lateral Posterior nucleus(LP), and pulvinar nucleus |
| Which nucleus in the dorsal tier of the lateral nuclei receives input from the hippocampus, and sends output to the cingulate gyrus. | Lateral Dorsal Nucleus(LD) |
| The lateral posterior nucleus and the Pulvinar nucleus make up the? | Pulvinar-LP complex |
| The pulvinar-LP complex receives input from the _____? | Visual system |
| The pulvinar-LP complex is thought of as an area of? | sensory integration |
| The Ventral Tier of the lateral nuclei is made up of? | Ventral Anterior(VA),Ventral Lateral(VL),Ventral Posterior(VP),and medial and lateral geniculate nuclei. |
| The Ventral Posterior Nuclei are made up of? | Ventral Posterolateral(VPL), and Ventral Posteromedial(VPM) nuclei |
| Which nuclei are important motor relays? | VA & VL |
| Which nuclei receive info from the cerebellum and basal ganglia? | VA & VL |
| Where do the VA & VL send information? | Fromtal lobe, primary motor and premotor areas of the cortex |
| Which nuclei are important for somatosensory relay? | VP |
| Where does the VP receive info from? | Media Lemniscus and Spinothalamic tract |
| Where does the VP send info to? | Postcentral gyrus |
| Which nuclei this helps us gain conscious appreciation of skin sensations and proprioception? | VP |
| Which nucleui are responsible for somatosensory info from the body with LE info processing laterally, and UE info processing medially? | VPL |
| Which nuclei are responsible for somatosensory info from the head and neck? | VPM |
| Which nucleus is a relay for the visual system, processes info from the optic nerve, and relays info to the occipital lobe? | Lateral geniculate nucleus |
| This nucleus is part of the auditory system, receives input from the lateral lemniscus, relays auditory info to the temporal lobe for discrimination. | Medial Geniculate Nucleus |
| Blood supply to the thalamus comes from branches of the? | Posterior Cerebral Artery(PCA) |
| Hypotonia and contralateral limp ataxia result from lesions to which part of the thalamus? | Ventral Thalamus(VA & VL) |
| Connection interruptions between the ________ & ________ cause hypotonia and contralateral limb ataxia. | Cerebellum and Thalamus |
| Contralateral chorea, athetosis or ballismus are caused by lesions in what area of the thalamus? | Ventral |
| Contralateral chorea, athetosis or ballismus are due to interruptions of what connection? | Basal Ganglia |
| involuntary abrupt movements of the limbs and facial muscles = ? | Chorea |
| slow, writhing movements, mostly noted in the hands and fingers = ? | Athetosis |
| flailing of a limb = ? | Ballismus |
| Initial contralateral hemianesthesia with later severe pain of a burning nature called thalamic pain is due to disorders in the? | Ventral Posterior Thalamus |
| If the ___________ is affected you will have visual processing difficulty | lateral geniculate |
| loss of contralateral visual field = ? | Hemianopsia |
| If the ___________ is affected you will have emotional lability (not in control of your emotions) | anterior nucleus |
| If the ____________ is affected you will have decreased affect (facial expression indicating mood) | dorsomedial nucleus |
Created by:
txst fall 2008
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