science
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is the definition of an element? | An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. An atom is the smallest particle of an element maintaining the chemical identity of that element.
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| Which elements make up the solid portion of Earth? | The solid parts of Earth are made of mostly oxygen and silicon
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| Which elements are common to living organisms? | Living matter is mainly made of oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus.
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| Which element is the most common on Earth? | oxygen
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| Which elements make up the oceans? | The oceans are mainly made of oxygen and hydrogen, which are the elements in water.
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| Which elements are found in the atmosphere? | The atmosphere is mainly made of nitrogen and oxygen.
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| What is the difference between an element and a compound? | A substance that contains two or more different elements is a compound.
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| Pure Substance | Matter that is made up of the same particles
throughout
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| Chemical Symbol | The symbol that represents each element on the periodic table
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| Periodic Table of Elements | An arrangement of the elements according to their
atomic numbers and periodic trends of physical and
chemical properties
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| Matter | Anything that has volume and mass
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| Atomic Number | The number of protons (positive charges) in an
atomic nucleus
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| periodic Groups | The columns on a periodic table that arrange the
elements by select characteristics
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| Periodic Periods | The rows in a periodic table that classify the
elements by select characteristics
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| Atom | The smallest unit of an element that has all of the
properties of that element
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| Physical Property | Those characteristics that can be observed without
changing the identity of the substance such as
size, shape, luster, conductivity, malleability, and
magnetic attraction
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| Chemical Reaction | The process by which one or more substances
change to produce one or more different
substances
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| Chemical Formula | A shorthand notation that uses chemical symbols
and numbers as subscripts to represent the type of
atoms and number of atoms that are present in the
smallest unit of the substance
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| What is a chemical change? | A chemical change occurs when elements bond together or when bonds of compounds are broken and form a new substance.
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| What forms from a chemical change? | A new substance forms from a chemical change. It may have different properties than those of the original substance.
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| What are some signs of a chemical change? | We often observe signs of a chemical change by the gas production, precipitate formation, absorption or energy release in the form of heat or light, a color change or odor formation.
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| Property | The characteristics or qualities of a substance:
physical and chemical
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| Physical Change | A change without forming a new substance such
as a different size or state of matter
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| Phase of Matter | A phase is another name for a physical state of
matter such as solid, liquid, or gas
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| Production of Heat or Light | Evidence of a chemical reaction
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| Formation of a Precipitate | Evidence of a chemical reaction
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| Production of Gas | Evidence of a chemical reaction
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| Rust | Red oxides, formed by the reaction
of iron and oxygen in the presence of water or air
moisture
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| Corrode | The result of a chemical reaction between a metal
and its surroundings during which the metal is
oxidized.
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| Combust | The process of burning. A chemical change,
especially oxidation, accompanied by the
production of heat and light.
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| Density | The amount of matter in a given space or volume;
a relationship between mass and volume
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| What are the three main element groups? | There are three main groups of elements: metals, non-metals and metalloids.
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| What are the predominate physical properties of element groups classified as metals? | Most elements are metals, and most metals are generally shiny, malleable and conduct heat and electricity easily.
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| What are the predominate physical properties of element groups classified as non-metals? | Non-metals are generally not shiny, not malleable and do not conduct heat or electricity easily.
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| What are the predominate physical properties of element groups classified as metalloids? | The metalloids exhibit intermediate properties of both metals and non-metals.
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| Metal |
An element that is typically
a hard, shiny solid,
is malleable, and is a
good conductor of
heat and electricity
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| Non-metal | An element that is usually a gas
or brittle solid at room
temperature, is not malleable or
ductile, is a poor conductor of
heat and electricity, and is
typically not shiny
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| Metalloid | An element that shares
some properties of
metals and some of
non-metals
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| Chemical Property | Those characteristics that can be observed when a
chemical reaction changes the identity of the
substance, such as potential to rust,
corrode, or combust
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| Luster | A property that describes having a shiny appearance
or reflecting light
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| Conductivity | A property that describes if heat or electrical charges
pass through the material easily
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| Malleability | A property that describes the ability of the
material to be rolled or hammered into thin sheets
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| Magnetism | A property that describes if the material is magnetic
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| Ductility | A property that describes if the material has the
ability to be pulled into thin wire
without breaking
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| Brittle | Likely to break, snap, or crack when subjected to
pressure
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Created by:
ckirkland
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