ATOMS AND PERIODIC TABLE
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| This is an atom of an element that has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons | ISOTOPE
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| average of the masses of the isotopes of an element | ATOMIC MASS
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| the electrons found in the outermost energy level of an atom | VALENCE ELECTRONS
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| number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. | ATOMIC NUMBER
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| the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom | MASS NUMBER
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| the positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom | PROTONS
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| neutrally charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom | NEUTRONS
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| negatively charged particles found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom | ELECTRONS
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| What is the name of the group of elements that are the most reactive metals? | ALKALI METALS (group 1)
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| Which group of elements are stable (unreactive)? | NOBLE GASES (group 18)
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| Which group of elements are the most reactive nonmetals? | HALOGENS (group 17)
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| What property are the groups in the periodic table arranged by? | SIMILAR PROPERTIES
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| vertical columns of elements on the periodic table, arranged by similar properties | GROUP
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| horizontal rows of elements on the periodic table | PERIOD
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| How many periods and groups are on the periodic table? | PERIODS-7, GROUPS-18
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| When elements from groups 1 and 17 combine, the elements from which group are most likely to lose an electron? | GROUP 1 ELEMENTS, WHEN FORMING A COMPOUND WITH A GROUP 17 ELEMENT ARE MOST LIKELY TO LOSE AN ELECTRON
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| What causes an atom to be chemically reactive? (why will it tend to bond with other elements?) | An atom is usually chemically reactive because its outer energy level is not full.
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| Who was the first person to create a periodic table of elements? | Dmitri Mendeleev
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| If the atomic number of an element is 9 and the mass number is 20, what is the number of neutrons? | 11
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| What is the name of the element with 20 protons? | CALCIUM
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| How many elements are found in nature? | 92
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| The dense, positively charged center of an atom is called the _ | NUCLEUS
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| The chemical properties of an element depend the the location of these | electrons
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| which group number is known as the noble gases? | group 18
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| Group number 1 is known as __ | the ALKALI METALS
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| Group 2 is known as the __ | the ALKALINE EARTH METALS
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| Which group is more reactive, one or two? | one--it has less valence electrons
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| What's the relationship between valence number and reactivity? | In general, the more valence electrons, the lower the reactivity with the EXCEPTION of group 17 (Halogens). The halogens are very reactive because they only need one more electron to become stable.
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| If an element with atomic # 26 has 26 neutrons, is it an isotope? Explain choice. | No, because the # of neutrons is same as # of protons.
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| If an element with atomic # 27 has 26 neutrons, is it an isotope? Explain choice. | Yes, because the number of neutrons differs from # of protons.
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| Name this element: there's 2 electrons in 1st shell, 6 in second shell. | OXYGEN (atomic # 8)
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| Name this element: there's 2 electrons in 1st shell, 8 in second shell, and 5 in last shell. | PHOSPHORUS (atomic #15)
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| developed nuclear model of atom | Rutherford
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| Which scientist proposed the "plum pudding" model? | JJ. Thomson
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| In a single neutral atom the number of protons equals the number of __ | electrons
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| a charged atom | ION
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| if an element has more protons than electrons, then it's considered to be __ | an ion
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