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ATOMS & PERIODIC TAB
ATOMS AND PERIODIC TABLE
| DEFINITION | TERM |
|---|---|
| This is an atom of an element that has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons | ISOTOPE |
| average of the masses of the isotopes of an element | ATOMIC MASS |
| the electrons found in the outermost energy level of an atom | VALENCE ELECTRONS |
| number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. | ATOMIC NUMBER |
| the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom | MASS NUMBER |
| the positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom | PROTONS |
| neutrally charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom | NEUTRONS |
| negatively charged particles found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom | ELECTRONS |
| What is the name of the group of elements that are the most reactive metals? | ALKALI METALS (group 1) |
| Which group of elements are stable (unreactive)? | NOBLE GASES (group 18) |
| Which group of elements are the most reactive nonmetals? | HALOGENS (group 17) |
| What property are the groups in the periodic table arranged by? | SIMILAR PROPERTIES |
| vertical columns of elements on the periodic table, arranged by similar properties | GROUP |
| horizontal rows of elements on the periodic table | PERIOD |
| How many periods and groups are on the periodic table? | PERIODS-7, GROUPS-18 |
| When elements from groups 1 and 17 combine, the elements from which group are most likely to lose an electron? | GROUP 1 ELEMENTS, WHEN FORMING A COMPOUND WITH A GROUP 17 ELEMENT ARE MOST LIKELY TO LOSE AN ELECTRON |
| What causes an atom to be chemically reactive? (why will it tend to bond with other elements?) | An atom is usually chemically reactive because its outer energy level is not full. |
| Who was the first person to create a periodic table of elements? | Dmitri Mendeleev |
| If the atomic number of an element is 9 and the mass number is 20, what is the number of neutrons? | 11 |
| What is the name of the element with 20 protons? | CALCIUM |
| How many elements are found in nature? | 92 |
| The dense, positively charged center of an atom is called the _ | NUCLEUS |
| The chemical properties of an element depend the the location of these | electrons |
| which group number is known as the noble gases? | group 18 |
| Group number 1 is known as __ | the ALKALI METALS |
| Group 2 is known as the __ | the ALKALINE EARTH METALS |
| Which group is more reactive, one or two? | one--it has less valence electrons |
| What's the relationship between valence number and reactivity? | In general, the more valence electrons, the lower the reactivity with the EXCEPTION of group 17 (Halogens). The halogens are very reactive because they only need one more electron to become stable. |
| If an element with atomic # 26 has 26 neutrons, is it an isotope? Explain choice. | No, because the # of neutrons is same as # of protons. |
| If an element with atomic # 27 has 26 neutrons, is it an isotope? Explain choice. | Yes, because the number of neutrons differs from # of protons. |
| Name this element: there's 2 electrons in 1st shell, 6 in second shell. | OXYGEN (atomic # 8) |
| Name this element: there's 2 electrons in 1st shell, 8 in second shell, and 5 in last shell. | PHOSPHORUS (atomic #15) |
| developed nuclear model of atom | Rutherford |
| Which scientist proposed the "plum pudding" model? | JJ. Thomson |
| In a single neutral atom the number of protons equals the number of __ | electrons |
| a charged atom | ION |
| if an element has more protons than electrons, then it's considered to be __ | an ion |
Created by:
jsolari
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