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Changing Surface

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Term
Definition
Weathering   The chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth's surface.  
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Mechanical Weathering   The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.  
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Chemical Weathering   The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.  
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Abrasion   The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice, or wind.  
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Ice Wedging   Process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands.  
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Erosion   The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock and soil.  
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Deposition   Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.  
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Sediment   Earth materials deposited by erosion.  
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Sedimentary Rock   The type of rock that is made of hardened sediment.  
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Igneous Rock   One of the three main rock types formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.  
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Metamorphic Rock   Rock that was once one form of rock but has changed to another under the influence of heat, pressure, or some other agent without passing through a liquid phase.  
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Rock Cycle   The rock cycle is a model that describes the formation, breakdown, and reformation of a rock as a result of sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic processes.  
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Strata   Layers of rock.  
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Stratification   The process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers.  
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Foliated   Aligned grains of flat minerals.  
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Non-Foliated   Mineral grains not arranged in plains or bands.  
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Mafic   Rocks that are dark in color.  
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Felsic   Rocks that are light in color.  
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Course Grained   Describes the long amount of time it takes for rocks to cool down allowing crystals to grow.  
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Fine Grained   Describes the short amount of time it takes for rocks to cool down allowing little to no crystals to grow.  
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Intrusive   Magma pushes into surrounding rock below the Earth's surface.  
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Extrusive   Forms when magma erupts onto the Earth's surface and cools quickly.  
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Created by: tamarablyons
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