Accidents & Injury
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| Accident | a sudden event (such as a crash) that is not planned or intended and that causes damage or injury
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| Injury | an act or event that causes someone to no longer be fully healthy or in good condition (intentional or not)
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| Accident and injuries | All accidents are injuries not all injuries are accidents.
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| Developmental Considerations | To understand the type of accident and prevention strategies,nurses need to underst and developmental factors
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| Infants – causes of death and injury | Unintentional suffocation, homicide, motor vehicle accidents.
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| Infants and accidents | Infants have the second highest injury rate of all groups of children because small body, small airway, and handled on high surfaces.
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| Infants and MVA | due to small size, infants are easily propelled and crushed. Also, their immature motor skills inhibit ability to escape from injury.
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| Developmental Considerations: Infants | due to small size, infants are easily propelled and crushed. Also, their immature motor skills inhibit ability to escape from injury.
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| Ages 1-4 Development Factors | inquisitive, logical thinking abilities are immature, and active. Leading cause of death drowning, MVA, homicide.
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| Ages 5-14 | Development Factors: Peer pressure, active, increases sports and athletic. Leading cause of death: MVA, drowning, fire/burn,suicde by suffoacation (10-14)
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| Ages 15-24 | Developmental Factors: risk taking, use of weaons, alochol and drugs, suicide,gangs. LEADING CAUSE MVA,homicide (firearm), poisoning, suicide (fireman)
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| Ages 25- 64 | Developmental Factors: stress, alocohol & drugs, high accessibility to cars. Leading Cause: Poisoing, MVA, Suicide (firearms), homicide (firearm)
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| Developmental Factors | Developmental Factors: Impaired balance, decrease muscle strenght, reaction time, sensory acuity. Leading Cause: Falls, MVA , Suicide (firearm)
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| Public Health Approach | Surveillance: “ongoing systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination”
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| Survellience | leads to what is the problem, risk id (what is the cause), intervention (what works?), implementation (how do you do it), outcome measurements.
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| Injury primary prevention | eliminate the event
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| Injury secondary prevention | dimiinish the effect
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| Injury tertiary Prevention | improve the outcome
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| Examples of effective injury prevention | National highway speed limit, Cycle” helmet laws, Child passenger restraint laws, Apartment window guards, Smoke detectors, Violence/penetrating injury programs
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| Nursing’s Role (injury) | Support legislative efforts, Collaborate with schools, Initiate community efforts, Support family efforts, Identify populations at risk,Support community efforts
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| Community-based Programs | Ownership and empowerment,Novel partnerships and coalitions, Community-based data about etiology, Develop & test solutions, interventions, Consensus-based process, Implementation and evaluation
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Created by:
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