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Accidents & Injury

QuestionAnswer
Accident a sudden event (such as a crash) that is not planned or intended and that causes damage or injury
Injury an act or event that causes someone to no longer be fully healthy or in good condition (intentional or not)
Accident and injuries All accidents are injuries not all injuries are accidents.
Developmental Considerations To understand the type of accident and prevention strategies,nurses need to underst and developmental factors
Infants – causes of death and injury Unintentional suffocation, homicide, motor vehicle accidents.
Infants and accidents Infants have the second highest injury rate of all groups of children because small body, small airway, and handled on high surfaces.
Infants and MVA due to small size, infants are easily propelled and crushed. Also, their immature motor skills inhibit ability to escape from injury.
Developmental Considerations: Infants due to small size, infants are easily propelled and crushed. Also, their immature motor skills inhibit ability to escape from injury.
Ages 1-4 Development Factors inquisitive, logical thinking abilities are immature, and active. Leading cause of death drowning, MVA, homicide.
Ages 5-14 Development Factors: Peer pressure, active, increases sports and athletic. Leading cause of death: MVA, drowning, fire/burn,suicde by suffoacation (10-14)
Ages 15-24 Developmental Factors: risk taking, use of weaons, alochol and drugs, suicide,gangs. LEADING CAUSE MVA,homicide (firearm), poisoning, suicide (fireman)
Ages 25- 64 Developmental Factors: stress, alocohol & drugs, high accessibility to cars. Leading Cause: Poisoing, MVA, Suicide (firearms), homicide (firearm)
Developmental Factors Developmental Factors: Impaired balance, decrease muscle strenght, reaction time, sensory acuity. Leading Cause: Falls, MVA , Suicide (firearm)
Public Health Approach Surveillance: “ongoing systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination”
Survellience leads to what is the problem, risk id (what is the cause), intervention (what works?), implementation (how do you do it), outcome measurements.
Injury primary prevention eliminate the event
Injury secondary prevention dimiinish the effect
Injury tertiary Prevention improve the outcome
Examples of effective injury prevention National highway speed limit, Cycle” helmet laws, Child passenger restraint laws, Apartment window guards, Smoke detectors, Violence/penetrating injury programs
Nursing’s Role (injury) Support legislative efforts, Collaborate with schools, Initiate community efforts, Support family efforts, Identify populations at risk,Support community efforts
Community-based Programs Ownership and empowerment,Novel partnerships and coalitions, Community-based data about etiology, Develop & test solutions, interventions, Consensus-based process, Implementation and evaluation
Created by: cjnnovak
 

 



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