CH 8 HEART vocab MEL
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| Aneurysms | Localized dilation in the wall of the blood vessel cause by atherosclerosis or hypertension, and less commonly by congenital weakness
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| Angina pectoris | Paroxysmal thoracic pain and choking caused by decreased oxygen(anoxia) of the myocardium
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| Arteriosclerosis | Arterial disorder characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification of arterial walls resulting in decreased blood supply
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| Bradycardia | Slow rhythm characterized by a heartbeat <60 BPM
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| Cardioversion | Restoration of the heart's normal sinus rhythm by delivery of a synchronized electric shock through to metal panels placed on the patient's chest
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| Coronary artery disease(CAD) | Variety of conditions that obstruct blood flow in the coronary arteries
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| Defibrillation | The termination of ventricular fibrillation by delivering a direct electrical counter shock to the pericardium
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| Dysrhythmia | Any cardiac rhythm that deviates from normal sinus rhythm; also called arrhythmia
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| Embolus | A foreign object, quantity of air or gas, tumor or piece of the thrombus that circulates in the blood stream until it becomes lodged in the blood vessel
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| Endararterectomy | Surgical removal of the intimal lining of the artery
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| Heart failure | Syndrome characterized by circulatory congestion due to the heart's inability to act as an effective pump
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| Hypoxemia | Abnormal deficiency of O2 in the arterial blood
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| Intermittent claudication | Weakness in the legs caused by cramps like pain in the calves; caused by poor arterial circulation of the blood in the leg muscles
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| Ischemia | Decreased blood supply to a body organ or part; often marked by pain or organ dysfunction
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| Myocardial infarction | occlusion of major coronary artery or one of its branches; caused by atherosclerosis or an embolus resulting in necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle
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| Occlusion | obstruction or closing off of the canal, vessel, or passage of the body
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| Orthopnea | abnormal condition in which person must sit or stand in order to breathe deeply or comfortably
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| Peripheral | Pertaining to the outside, surface, or surrounding area
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| Pleural effusion | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity between the visceral and parietal pleurae
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| Polycythemia | Abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood
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| Pulmonary edema | Accumulation of extra vascular fluid in the lung tissue and alveoli; caused most commonly by left-sided heart failure
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| Tachycardia | Abnormal condition in which the myocardium beats regularly, but at the rate >100 BPM
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| Mediastinum | The mass of organs and tissues separating the lungs; contains trachea and esophagus
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| Apex | Narrow part; slightly to the left between 5th and 6th ribs near diaphragm
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| Base | lies superior And beneath the 2nd rib
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| Pericardium | Outermost layer of the heart
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| Myocardium | Forms the bulk of the heart wall and is the thickest and strongest layer of the heart
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| Endocardium | innermost layer, thin layer of connective tissue
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| Septum | heart division of left and right by a muscular partition
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| Right Atrium | upper right chamber
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| Right Ventricle | Lower right chamber
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| Left Atrium | upper left chamber
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| Left Ventricle | Lower left chamber
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| Right Atrium | receives deoxygenated blood from the entire body
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| Right Ventricle | Receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium
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| Right Ventricle | pumps blood to the lungs VIA pulmonary artery to release carbon dioxide and receive oxygen
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| Left Atrium | receives oxygenated blood from the lungs VIA the pulmonary veins
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| Left Ventricle | oxygenated blood from the left atrium
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| Left Ventricle | thickest, most muscular section of the heart and pumps the oxygenated blood through out the aorta to all parts of the body
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| heart function | right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs
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| Heart function | left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it throughout the body
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