Grade 6
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What are the two major ways the Earth moves through space? | Rotation and revolution
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| Why does Earth have seasons? | Its axis is tilted as it revolves around the sun
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| What two factors does the strength of the force of gravity between two objects depend on? | Masses of the objects and the distance between them
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| What did Newton conclude about the two factors-inertia and gravity- combined do? | Keep Earth in orbit around the sun and the moon in orbit around Earth
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| What does the changing relative positions of the moon, Earth, and sun cause? | The phases of the moon, eclipses, and tides
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| What do the phases of the moon you see depend on? | How much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth
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| When does an eclipse occur? | When the moon's shadow hits Earth or Earth's shadow hits the moon
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| When does a solar eclipse occur? | When the moon passes directly between Earth and the sun, blocking sunlight from Earth
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| What happens during a lunar eclipse? | Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon
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| What causes tides? | Tides are caused mainly by differences in how much the moon's gravity pulls on different parts of Earth
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| What are the features of the moon's surface? | Maria, Craters, and Highlands
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| Compare the moon and the Earth with their sizes and surface gravity | Moon is dry and airless. Moon is 1/4 diameter of Earth and 1/80 of Earth's mass. Earth has a stronger gravitational pull because of the difference in mass (Earth=more mass)
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| What do scientists theorize about how the moon formed? | A planet - sized object collided with Earth to form the moon. Then material from the object and Earth's outer layer was ejected into orbit around Earth, where it formed a ring. Gravity then caused the material to combine and form a moon
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| What are solstices and equinoxes? How are they related to the seasons? | They are both changes in the seasons. They are related to the seasons because they mark the beginning of each season
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| Suppose the moon were closer to Earth. How would the force of gravity between Earth and the moon be different? | The force of gravity would increase and be stronger. The tides would be larger too.
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| How would Earth move if the sun (including gravity) suddenly disappeared? | Inertia would cause the Earth to travel in a straight line.
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| How is a solar eclipse different from a lunar eclipse? | Solar: Occurs when the moon passes directly between the Earth and the sun, blocking sun from Earth
Lunar: Earth blocks sun from reaching the moon
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| What causes the difference in tides? | Tides are mainly caused by differences in how much the moon's gravity pulls on different parts of Earth.
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| Why is the moon's surface more heavily cratered than Earth's surface? | Earth's craters have worn away over time by water, wind, and other forces
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| Why is it less likely to see a total solar eclipse than a total lunar eclipse? | The moon's umbra only covers a small area on Earth's surface
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| What do scientists call the theory on how the moon was formed? | Collision - Ring Theory
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| Lunar Eclipse | The blocking of sunlight to the moon that occurs when Earth is directly between the sun and moon
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| Solar Eclipse | The blocking of sunlight to Earth that occurs when the moon is directly between the sun and Earth
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| Spring Tide | The tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides
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| Neap Tide | The tide with the least distance between consecutive low and high tides
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| Weight | The force of gravity on an object
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| Mass | The amount of matter in an object
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| Law of Universal Gravitation | Newton's law that states that every object in the universe attracts every other object
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| Tide | The periodic rise and fall of the level of water in the ocean
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| Umbra | The very darkest part of the moon's shadow
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| Astronomy | The study of the moon, stars, and other objects in space
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| Equinox | The 2 days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun
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| Penumbra | The part of a shadow surrounding the darkest part
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| Eclipse | When an object in space comes between the sun and a third object, it casts a shadow on that object
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| Gravity | A force that attracts all objects toward each other
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| Phases | The different shapes of the moon you see from Earth
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| Calendar | A system of organizing time that defines the beginning, length, and divisions of a year
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| Force | A push or a pull
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| Revolution | The movement of one object around another
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| Newton's First Law of Motion | A scientific law that says that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant speed and direction unless acted on by a force
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| Rotation | The spinning of Earth on its axis
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| Axis | The imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and the north and south poles
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| Orbit | The path of an object as it revolves around another object in space
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| Inertia | The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
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| Solstice | Each of these days when the sun is farthest north or south of the equator
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