chp 50
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| Posterior pituitary | secretes ADH
Raises bp
Increases water absorption
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| Anterior pituitary | GH,
TSH,
Lh,
FSH,
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| Thyroid | T3 T4
Increases metabolic rate
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| The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus via the | Infandibulum
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| The hypothalamus produces 2 hormones | ADH and Oxytocin
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| ADH and Oxytocin is stored in the | posterior pituitary
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| Pineal gland | located in the brain and releases melatonin
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| Pituitary gland is divided into two sections the anterior and posterior the anterior.... | is larger and made of glandular tissue
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| Posterior pituitary is smaller and | made of neural tissue
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| Posterior STORES 2 hormones made by the hypothalamus | ADH and Oxytocin
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| ACTH | Adrenal Corticotropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary targets the adrenal glands
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| TSH | released by anterior pituitary
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| Thyroid | produces T3 and T4 and calcatonin
regulates metabolism
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| calcitonin | prohibits the release of calcium from the bones this lowers the serum CA+ level
Stops urinary secretion of calcium
(calci-NO-nin)=lower Ca+
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| 4 nodules embedded in tissue in the thyroid | parathyroid
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| parathyroid | releases parathormone
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| parathormone | releases calcium into the blood and increases serum calcium level
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| thymus | located in the chest and is responsible for T cell maturation
releases thymosin and thymopoietin
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| Adrenal cortex | Sweet salty sex
androgens, aldosterone, and glucocortioids
(barking sex)
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| Adrenal medulla | catacholamines
Epi and norEpi
(inside I'm scared)
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| pancreas | only endocrine and exocrine gland
insulin and glucagon and somastatin
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| Beta cells produce | insulin
lowers blood sugar
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| alpha cells | produce glucagon
increases blood sugar
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| somastatin | "cruise control" keeps blood sugar regulated
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| pheochromocytoma | tumor of the adrenal gland
usually benign
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| s/sx of hyperthyroidism | fine thin stringy hair, heat intolerance, weight loss, increased appetite, bug eyes hyperglycemia, increased levels of T3 and T4 decreased serum TSH
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| medication for hyperthyroidism | PTU (propylthiouracil) given at the same time q. day WITH FOOD
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| complication of hyperthyroidism | thyroid storm:
S/SX:
fever, dehydration, tachycardia, n/v, diarrhea, HF, confusion, and death
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| hypothyroidism | intolerance to cold, facial edema, fatigue, slow speech, anorexia, weight gain,brittle nails and hair, constipation, dry skin, menstrual disturbances
decreased T3 and T4
Increase in TSH
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| addisons disease | affects the adrenal cortex
bronze skin, bearded lady, GI dist., hypoglycemia, weight loss, postural hypo tension,
reduced vascular volume
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| labs for addisons disease | low Na+ and high K+
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| thyroid post-op care | neck support when turning and TCDB
keep a suction kit at bedside
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| medication for hypothyroidism | levothyroxine:
before meals in the morning
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| pheochromocytoma nursing care | don't palpate the abdomen
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| DI Diabetes Insipidus causes | head injury, pituitary tumor, or crainiotomy
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| DI s/sx | up to 20L/day urination
decreased: urine specific gravity (less than 1.010), osmolarity, BP
Increased: thirst
Tachycardia
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| DI nursing care | monitor I/O, replace fluids
frequent neuro checks
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| Pathophysiology for DI | decreased ADH secreations from the anterior pituitary
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| Cushings syndrome S/Sx | moon face, personality changes, increase r/o infection, gynecomastia, truncal obesity, buffalo hump, hyperglycemia, bruises and petechia
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| causes of cushings syndrome | hypersecretion of cortisol from the adrenal glands
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| ~bonus~ tetraiodothyrodine | hormone produced by the thyroid that regulates metabolsim
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