Addiction
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| Occurs when a persons psychological reaction to a drug decreases w/ repeated administration of same dose. | Tolerance
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| Transitory recurrences of perceptual disturbances caused by a persons earlier hallucinogenic drug use. | Flash Backs
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| Drugs; the effect of either or both of the drugs is intensified or prolonged. | Synergism
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| Combining drugs to weaken or inhibit the effect of one of the drugs. | Antagonistic effect
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| An opiate antagonist, is often given to people who have overdosed on an opiate (heroin). | Naloxone (Narcan)
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| Over-responsible behavior-doing for others what other could just as well do for themselves. | Codependence
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| Cessation (reduction) of alcohol use that has been heavy or prolonged; N/V, anxiety, Hallucinations, sweating, Tachy, insomnia, seizures, tremors. | Withdrawal
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| Impaired consciousness (↓awareness of environment); Memory impairment, disorientation, language impairment, hallucinations, illusions. | Substance-induced Delirium
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| Often require longer treatment, experience more crises, and progress more gradually in treatment. | Co-occuring disorders
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| _____ is one of the criteria for diagnosing addiction. | Relapse
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| The early signs of withdrawal develop w/in a ____ hours after cessation or reduction of alcohol (ethanol) intake. | Few
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| Peak effects of alcohol withdrawal? | 24-48hrs
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| Appear hyper alert, jerky movements, & irritability, startle easily, “shaking inside”. | Alcohol Withdrawal S/S
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| Grand mal seizures may appear __ to __ after cessation of alcohol intake (↑risk in hx of seizures). | 7 to 48hrs
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| Users report depression, anergia, & acute onset of agitated depression, Cravings peak during this phase of withdrawal. | Crash Phase
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| Described as a prolonged sense of dysphoria, anhedonia, & lack of motivation, along w/ intense cravings, Relapse most likely here. | Second Phase
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| Characterized by intermittent cravings and can last indefinitely. | Third Phase
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| Colors are heard; sounds are seen? | Synesthesia
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| Users myst drink a large quantity of water during MDMA use to prevent _______ and ________. | Dehydration; Hyperthermia
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| It is safest to propose _____ as a treatment goal for all addicts. | Abstinence
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| In alcoholism which liver enzyme is specifically elevated? | AST
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| The aim of treatment for addiction? | Self-Responsibility
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| Self-help groups that offer support and guidance for adults and teenagers. | Al-Anon & Alateen
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| Best suited for individuals who have a long history of antisocial behavior. | Residential Programs
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| True or False; Medications should not be given until the symptoms of withdrawal are seen? | True
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| An agent use for narcotic addiction- is sometimes used in the Tx for alcoholism, especially for those with high levels of craving & somatic symptoms. | Naltrexone (Trexan, Revia)
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| Works to decrease alcohol cravings by inhibiting the release of mesocorticolimbic dopamine. | Topiramate (Topomax)
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| Is used for motivated patients who have shown the ability to stay sober (Classical Conditioning). | Disulfiram (Antabuse)
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| Is a synthetic opiate that blocks the craving for and affects of heroin (Q daily). | Methadone (Dolophine)
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| Is the only medication currently approved for the Tx of the pregnant opioid addict. | Methadone
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| Alternative to Methadone; effective for up to 3 days (72-96hrs), Q three times per week. | Levo-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM)
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| Is a relatively pure antagonist that blocks the euphoric effects of opioids & alcohol. | Naltrexone (Trexan, Revia)
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| Indicated for ↑BP, but is also an effective somatic Tx for some chemically dependent individuals when combined with naltrexone. | Clonidine (Catapres)
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| New _____ skills must be developed to prevent relapse and ensure prolonged sobriety. | Coping
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| Reversible, Vit B1 deficient, problems with thinking. | Wernike’s Encephalopathy
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| Irreversable, cognition, memory, ability to learn new tasks, May never recover, “Wet Brain”. | Korsakoff’s Psychosis
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