55 terms not in our textbook that we still need to know for the AP Exam
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Hindsight bias | thinking after an event has occurred that the event was more predictable than it actually was
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| illusory correlation | perceiving a relationship between variables even when none exists
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| scatter plots | a graph displaying data of two variables, an independent and a dependent variable
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| statistical significance | the probability that an event is not due to just chance alone
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| personal space | the space around a person which they claim as theirs; the closer a person allows someone else to come, the more intimate the relationship between these people
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| gender role | social and behavioral roles that are deemed appropriate for men and women to take on
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| cognitive neuroscience | study of how the psychological and cognitive functions are caused by the brain
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| inattentional blindness | failing to recognize an unexpected stimulus that is within the line of sight; not attributed to a vision problem but instead an attention problem
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| night terrors | a sever nightmare; a person quickly wakes up in a terrified state; a psychological disorder
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| REM rebound | after sleep deprivation, a person will enter REM sleep much faster, will have increased frequency and depth of REM sleep
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| Near-death experience | a personal experience of feeling dead, often accompanied by feeling weightless, seeing a white light, and detachment from one’s body
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| Primary sex characteristics | any part of the body involved in reproduction
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| Secondary sex characteristics | features that develop during sexual maturity and help distinguish between the sexes but are not part of the reproductive system
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| Cross-sectional study | data collection from a population gathered at one specific point in time
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| Longitudinal study | collects data from the same individuals over a long period of time
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| Place theory | a theory regarding auditory perception that states that our perception of sounds depends on where in the basilar membrane each component frequency vibrates
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| Frequency theory | the rate of the pulse traveling up the auditory nerve matches the frequency heard, we only experience the vibrations on the auditory nerve
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| Kinesthesis | the ability to feel movements and positions of the limb and body
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| Vestibular sense | located in the inner ear, the sense that helps us maintain balance and orientation
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| Phi phenomenon | perceiving continuous movement seemingly created by rapidly changing images
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| Parapsychology | field of psychology dealing with paranormal and psychic activity
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| Associative learning | process by which an association is created between stimuli or a behavior and a stimulus
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| Higher order conditioning | classical conditioning taken one step further
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| Cognitive map | a mental layout of one’s environment created in your mind to ease cognitive processing
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| Imagery | formation of mental images, visualizing something with your mind
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| Mood-congruent memory | a memory process that retrieves memories that match one’s mood
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| Misinformation effect | incorporating false information gathered after an event that your mind incorporates into its memory and believes to be true
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| Source amnesia | retaining information, but not being able to recall information about how/who/what/when/where/why you learned it
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| Belief perseverance | remaining steadfast in your beliefs even in the face of contradictory evidence
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| Intuition | the ability to understand something without the need for conscious reasoning of inference about the subject
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| Telegraphic speech | speech during the two word stage of language acquisition, very compressed and telegram like
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| Aphasia | disturbance in comprehension and production of language
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| Linguistic determinism | language limits and determines human thought
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| Factor analysis | used to determine which factors cause most of the variance in data from many possible variables
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| Emotional intelligence | ability to identify, assess, and control emotions of oneself and others
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| Stereotype threat | the threat that a person may confirm a negative stereotype about the group they belong to
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| Feel-good, do-good phenomenon | you are more likely to do good when you are in a good mood
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| Relative deprivation | being deprived of something the one feels they are entitled to have
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| Self-concept | a collection of beliefs about oneself
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| Social cognitive perception | how people form impressions of and make inferences about other people
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| Reciprocal determinism | behavior is both influenced by and influences personal factors and the environment
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| External locus of control | belief that events are beyond your control, fate or chance
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| Internal locus of control | belief that events are within one’s control and are due to ability, effort, attitude
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| Spotlight effect | overestimating the extent to which an audience is observing oneself when in a spotlight or other similar situation
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| Eclectic approach | drawing from several different sources, theories, ideas
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| Meta-analysis | a study of studies, comparing and contrasting different study results to see if common themes are present
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| Central route of persuasion | focuses on using facts and arguments to persuade an audience
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| Peripheral route of persuasion | using means other than facts and arguments to persuade, such as attire, sound of voice, fancy visual aids
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| Deindividualization | the loss of a persons sense of individuality, losing of self awareness
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| Scapegoat theory | groups that one does not like and is prejudiced against become scapegoats for this person to vent on
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| Just-world phenomenon | belief that the world is just and that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get
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| Frustration-aggression principle | aggression is the result of frustration
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| Mere exposure effect | people develop a preference for things simply because they are familiar with them
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| Self-disclosure | a person revealing themselves to another person, varies in breadth and depth of disclosure
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| Social-responsibility norm | people have an obligation to benefit society, norm that people will help those dependent upon them
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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