Infectious Disease
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| PCNs MOA | inhibit cell wall synthesis
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| Vancomycin MOA | (glycopeptide) - inhibit peptidoglycan cross-linking
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| Aminoglycosides MOA | (tobramycin, gentamycin, neomycin) - stop mRNA translation
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| Quinolones MOA | DNA gyrase inhibitors: inhibit bacterial DNA synthase
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| Macrolides MOA | inhibit 50S ribosome => decreased protein synthesis
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| Tetracyclines MOA | Protein synthesis inhibitor: act on 30S subunit
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| Classes of Abx that are cell wall synthesis inhibitors | PCNs. Cephalosporins. Monobactams (aztreonam). Carbapenems. Vanco
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| Classes of Abx that are protein synthesis inhibitor | Aminoglycosides. Tetracyclines. Macrolides. Choramphenicol. Clindamycin.
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| Antimetabolites = | Sulfonamides
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| Protein synthesis inhibitor MOA | Bind to ribosomes and prevent protein synthesis => cell death & decreased replication
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| 1st gen cephalosporins activity | Cefazolin & cephalexin: gram pos (Staph / Strep), skin infxn, surg ppx
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| 2nd gen cephalosporins activity | Cefaclor, cefoxitin, cefuroxime: more GN activity (E coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, H flu); intra-abd infxn
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| 3rd gen cephalosporins activity | Ceftazidime (Pseudomonas), ceftriaxone, cefdinir: primarily GN activity (including Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Serratia), some Gm Pos. Tx N meningitides
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| 4th gen cephalosporins activity | Cefepime: broad GN activity including resistance to beta-lactamase; Pseudomonas. Less GP
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| 5th gen cephalosporins activity | Ceftaroline: against selected Staph spp (MSSA skin only), some Strep spp, some GN (H flu, Klebsiella, E coli)
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| Monobactam activity | AztreonamL GNR (Pseudomonas, Serratia, Klebsiella)
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| Carbapenem activity | Broad vs anaerobes, esp PCN-resistant pneumococcus & Enterobacter
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| Aminoglycosides activity | Gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin: GN enteric bacteria (E coli, Proteus, Klebs, Serratia, Enterobacter)
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| Tetracyclines activity | GP & GN including atypical PNA bugs, Rickettsia, Lyme disease
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| Macrolides activity | GP; atypical PNA bugs, H pylori
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| Antimetabolites (sulfonamides) activity | GP & GN; esp E coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Enterobacter
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| Trimethoprim is used to tx: | combined with sulfa drug to tx UTIs, PCP PNA, Shigella, Salmonella, URIs
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| Quinolones activity | Aerobic GNR (Pseudomonas, Neisseria); Anthrax
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| NRTIs MOA | Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase. AZT, didanosin (ddI), lamivudine (3TC), stavudine (d4T)
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| NNRTIs MOA | Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: inhibit reverse transcriptase. Nevirapine, delavirdine, efavirenz
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| Protease inhibitors MOA | Inhibit production of mature virions, inhibit replication. Ritonavir, indinavir
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| Penicillin is used to tx (3): | Syphilis, GBS (in PG female), N meningitides
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| Beta-lactamase PCNs include: | nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacilin, cloxacillin, and Cillian Murphy
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| Beta-lactamase PCNs tx these types of infxn (3) | Staph spp (not MRSA), skin infxn, osteomyelitis
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Created by:
Abarnard
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