APG 11 Interest Grps
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show | 2. Interest group
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show | 4. Interest group
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5. What did James Madison believe caused societies to create factions? | show 🗑
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show | 8. Increase the number and variety of groups (factions)
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show | 10. 1960s
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11. What led to the growth in the number of interest groups in the 1960s? | show 🗑
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13. What are the two periods in US history when interest groups rapidly expanded? | show 🗑
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15. Why did mass-membership unions form when they did? | show 🗑
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show | 18. New government policy
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19. What did the creation of antislavery organizations in the 1830s and 1840s rely on? | show 🗑
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21. What are some of the reasons interest groups are so common in the United States? | show 🗑
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show | 24. Changing economics, government policies, leadership
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show | 26. Congress, the Courts, the Presidency, the Bureaucracy, State Government, and the Public
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show | 28. No
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29. What are two things Political Parties have to do that Interest Groups don’t have to do? | show 🗑
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31. Are Americans more likely or less likely to join religious or political associations than citizens of other countries and why? | show 🗑
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33. When is an interest group more likely to form its own political party? | show 🗑
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35. What percentage of the vote does a party have to win to get seats in the legislature in a European-style proportional representation system? | show 🗑
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37. Where are interests groups more like parties? | show 🗑
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39. Where have farmers had success with their own political parties? | show 🗑
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show | 42. Green parties
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43. What are some examples of American environmental groups? | show 🗑
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show | 46. Pluralist theory
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47. What two movements support the pluralist theory of the impact of interest groups? | show 🗑
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show | 50. No one interest group becomes too dominant. They play by the rules. Different groups win at different times. They link public desires to government.
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51. How do pluralists defend lobbying? | show 🗑
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53. What political theory argues that only a few groups really have power and most others are insignificant? | show 🗑
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show | 56. Elite theory
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show | 58. They cooperate in interlocking directorates
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show | 60. Corporations
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show | 62. For all the people
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show | 64. Interest group liberalism
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show | 66. Hyperpluralists
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67. What is a popular argument against interest group liberalism? | show 🗑
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69. What faction supports interest group liberalism? | show 🗑
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show | 72. Hyperpluralists
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show | 74. Political self-interest
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75. What are the three parts of a subgovernment? | show 🗑
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77. If an interest group or coalition of interest groups have captured the agency and congressional committee and have monopoly control over the policy area, what is that called? | show 🗑
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show | 80. Issue network
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show | 82. Hyperpluralists
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83. What kind of policy do hyperpluralists argue is created by interest group liberalism, the existence of subgovernments? | show 🗑
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85. What do you call the people who share a common interest in policy? | show 🗑
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show | 88. Free-rider problem
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89. What is true of most people who agree with the goals of a mass-membership (large) interest group? | show 🗑
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show | 92. Material incentives, solidary incentives, purposive incentives
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show | 94. Money and benefits
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95. What are solidary incentives? | show 🗑
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show | 98. The desire for advancing some political goal based on a sense of what should be
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show | 100. Purposive incentive
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101. What are some ways for interest groups to raise funds? | show 🗑
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103. What percentage of contacts does direct mail need to give donations to succeed? | show 🗑
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105. Why do individuals who have given to interest groups often get called on by other interest groups? | show 🗑
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107. What kind of people are more likely to form interest groups? | show 🗑
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109. What percentage of interest groups in Washington D.C. represent corporations? | show 🗑
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show | 112. They don’t think it will make a difference if they join.
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113. Why do people join the PTA? | show 🗑
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show | 116. Raise membership and money
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117. What incentives would most likely cause someone to join a farm bureau (farming interest group)? | show 🗑
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show | 120. Material incentive
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121. What do you call something of value that benefits both actual members and potential members of a group, for example, clean air? | show 🗑
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show | 124. Olson’s Law of Large Groups
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show | 126. Olson’s Law of Large Groups
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127. What is a class of interest groups that suffer significantly due to Olson’s Law of Large Groups? | show 🗑
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129. What are the obstacles for large groups? | show 🗑
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show | 132. There is more at stake for a small group
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133. What are two groups with extremely large potential membership? | show 🗑
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show | 136. Single-issue interest groups
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137. What is an advantage single-issue interest groups often have? | show 🗑
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show | 140. Abortion
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show | 142. Over 20,000
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show | 144. Washington D.C.
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145. Almost every interest group has: | show 🗑
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show | 148. Increased greatly
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show | 150. Lobbying
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show | 152. Information
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153. Why do Legislators rely on interest groups for information? | show 🗑
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show | 156. It loses influence
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show | 158. electioneering, litigation, lobbying
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show | 160. Obtain group support for reelecting Congressmember, provide info on specialized policy areas, advice on political strategy, organizational help, help accomplishing legislative goals
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show | 162. Full-time employees and consultants
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163. What is electioneering? | show 🗑
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show | 166. Try to convert them to the lobbyist’s position
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show | 168. When the politician already agree with the interest group
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169. Why do interest groups come up with legislator rankings to show their level of commitment to issues the interest groups hold important? | show 🗑
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show | 172. A list of 12 legislators who were most against environmental protection reform
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show | 174. Develop strategy and/or show public support for their issue to influence legislators
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175. How can interest groups use newspapers to influence legislators? | show 🗑
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177. Can a Congressmember start a PAC? | show 🗑
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show | 180. 33%
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show | 182. Incumbents
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183. What part of what an interest group does do PACs concern themselves with? | show 🗑
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185. What is a legal way for interest groups to funnel money into a politician’s campaign? | show 🗑
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show | 188. Incumbents are more likely to win.
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show | 190. Give money to an incumbent and a challenger
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show | 192. Very rare; only a handful
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193. What do Steve Sovern’s LASTPAC and Common Cause agree on? | show 🗑
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show | 196. Litigation
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197. What are written arguments given to the courts in support of one side of a case by groups or individuals who are not before the court? | show 🗑
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199. What does amicus curiae mean? | show 🗑
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show | 202. Class action lawsuit
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show | 204. The requirement to be unmarried
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205. What do interest group do when they “go public”? | show 🗑
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207. How does the United States government affect the economy? | show 🗑
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show | 210. Prices, profits, wages
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show | 212. Business groups
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show | 214. 1945
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show | 216. About 20%
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show | 218. About 11%
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show | 220. A decline in public support for unions
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show | 222. Union shop
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show | 224. Union shops; union membership as a condition of employment
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show | 226. National Business Council and Congress of Industrial Organizations
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show | 228. Business PACs
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229. When did Environmental Groups see a sharp increase in growth? | show 🗑
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231. Why does Big Business not always get what it wants? | show 🗑
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233. What kind of interest groups seek collective goods, goods that benefit almost everyone, mostly nonmembers? | show 🗑
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235. What has been the most obvious success of the Environmental Movement? | show 🗑
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237. What is the biggest problem for consumer groups and other public interest groups? | show 🗑
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239. When did the number of public interest groups see significant growth? | show 🗑
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show | 242. Ideological groups
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243. What is the oldest, largest African American interest group that has fought for African American equality? | show 🗑
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245. What is the name of the NAACP’s effort to get businesses to increase the use of minorities as employees and for contracts | show 🗑
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247. Besides segregation and discrimination, what have civil rights groups focused on? | show 🗑
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249. What is required for a successful social movement? | show 🗑
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show | 252. Individual laws to protect women’s rights
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253. What policy entrepreneur was the main founder of the consumer rights movement, creating over a dozen interest groups in the mid-1960s? | show 🗑
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show | 256. A public interest group
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show | 258. Bring lawsuits against a public or private policy, file amicus curiae briefs
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show | 260. Atlantic Legal Foundation, Criminal Justice Legal Foundation, Landmark Legal Foundation
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261. What are some liberal public interest law firms? | show 🗑
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show | 264. Less influence overall for interest groups
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show | 266. Both encourage the increase of the other
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show | 268. The Wine lobby, the tobacco industry, U.S. Chamber of Commerce
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show | 270. Revolving door
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show | 272. No bribery, President has to disclose income from investments, no conflict of interest for officials when it comes to outside employment
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show | 274. First Amendment
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