Abbreviations and Symbols, Medical Terminology
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| AB | abortion
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| ABO | any of the four blood groups A, B, AB, and O comprising the ABO system
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| AED | Automated external defibrillator – portable device that helps diagnose and treat cardiac arrhythmias through electrical pulses.
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| AI | Adequate Intake – recommended average daily intake level of vitamins, nutrients, proteins, carbs, etc
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| amb | Ambulatory – able to walk, moveable
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| amt | amount
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| ant | anterior
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| AROM | Artificial Rupture of Membranes
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| BID | bis in die – twice a day
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| BM | Bowel Movement or Bone Marrow
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| BP, B/P | Blood Pressure
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| BS | blood sugar; bowel sounds; breath sounds
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| BSE | breast self-examination
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| BUN | blood urea nitrogen – a test of kidney function
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| BW | birth weight
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| C (degrees) | Celsius
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| c (with line above) | with (cum)
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| CA | cancer, carcinoma; cardiac arrest; chronologic age
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| cath | catheter or catheterization
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| CBC | complete blood count
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| cm | Centimeter (1/100 of a meter)
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| CMV | Cytomegalovirus – very common virus, 80% of people have been exposed.However, a fetus can become ill when a pregnant mother contracts it for the first time.
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| CNS | central nervous system
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| c/o | complains of
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| CP | cerebral palsy; chest pain
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| CPD | cephalopelvic disproportion – pelvis not large enough or correct shape to vaginally birth a baby. Can be from genetics or disease, like Rickets. Relatively rare – thought to be over diagnosed
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| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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| C/S | Cesarean section – surgical removal of the baby
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| C&S | culture and sensitivity (testing)
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| Cx | cervix
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| D/C | discharge; discontinue
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| D & C | dilation and curettage (of the uterine lining)
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| del | delivery
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| DIC | disseminated intravascular coagulation – serious disease in which the blood over-clots – can form blood clots that float through the veins and block bodily functions
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| DM | diabetes mellitus
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| DNR | do not resuscitate
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| DOB | date of birth
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| DRE | digital rectal examination
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| EBL | estimated blood loss
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| EDC | estimated date of confinement - term describing the estimated delivery date for a pregnant woman
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| EENT | eyes, ears, nose, and throat
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| ENT | ears, nose, and throat
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| F (degrees) | Fahrenheit
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| FH | family history
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| FHR or FHT | fetal heart rate or fetal heart tones
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| FOB | father of baby
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| FSH | Follicle-stimulating hormone – secreted by the pituitary gland
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| G | Gravida – a pregnant woman
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| G/P/A/L | Gravida / Term / Preterm / Abortions / Living - Way to determine how many pregnancies and births a mother has had
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| g, gm | gram
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| GB | gallbladder
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| GI | gastrointestinal
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| gt, gtt | drop, drops (from latin gutta)
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| GTT | glucose tolerance test – to check for gestational diabetes
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| GU | genitourinary
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| GYN, gyn | gynecology
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| h, hr | hour
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| Hb, Hgb, hgb | hemoglobin
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| HBV | hepatits B virus
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| HCG, hCG | human chorionic gonadotropin – hormone secreted during pregnancy – this is the hormone pregnancy tests look for
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| HCT, Hct | hematocrit
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| HCV | hepatitis C virus
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| HDL | High-density lipoprotein – the “good cholesterol” - associated with decreased rate of coronary artery disease)
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| HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 – well known because they protect the privacy of medical history
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| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus
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| h/o | history of
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| H2O | water
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| H & P | history and physical examination
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| HPV | human papillomavirus
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| HRT | hormone replacement therapy
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| HSV-1, HSV-2 | herpes simplex virus type 1, type 2
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| HTN | Hypertension – high blood pressure
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| Hx | history
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| IM | intramuscular; infectious mononucleosis
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| I & O | intake and output – measurement of patient's fluids
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| IPPB | intermittent positive pressure breathing - breathing treatment where increased breathing pressures are delivered via ventilator
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| IV | intravenous
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| IUD | intrauterine device (contraceptive)
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| IUFD | intrauterine fetal demise
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| IUGR | intrauterine growth restricted
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| L, l | left; liter; lower
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| LDL | Low-density lipoprotein – the “bad cholesterol” - high levels associated with heart disease
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| lg | large
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| LGA | large for gestational age (relating to a baby)
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| L/min | liters per minute
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| LMP | last menstrual period
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| LLQ | left lower quadrant (of the abdomen)
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| LUQ | left upper quadrant (of the abdomen)
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| LR | lactated ringers
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| Lt | left; long-term; less than
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| L & D | labor and delivery
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| L&W | living and well
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| mg | Milligram (1/1000 gram)
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| Mg | magnesium
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| mL | Milliliter (1/1000 liter)
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| mm | Millimeter (1/1000 meter)
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| mm Hg | millimeters of mercury – units for measurement of blood pressure
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| N/A | not available
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| NB | newborn
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| N/C | no complaint
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| neg | negative
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| NICU | Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
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| NKA | no known allergies
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| NPO | nothing by mouth (nil per os)
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| NS | nervous system
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| NSAID | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
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| NSVD | normal spontaneous vaginal delivery
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| N & V, N/V, N+V | nausea and vomiting
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| O2 | oxygen
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| OB | obstetrics
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| OCs/OCP | Oral contraceptives; oral contraceptive pill
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| OTC | over the counter (drugs)
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| p | after; following
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| P | PULSE – also phosphorus; plan; posterior; pressure; pupil
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| P, para 1, 2, 3, etc. | A woman who has produced one, two, three, etc offspring; unipara, bipara, tripara..
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| Pap, Pap smear | papanicolaou smear – preparation of cells from the cervix and vagina for microscopic examination
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| PCN | penicillin
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| peds | pediatrics
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| pg | picogram; Prostaglandin
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| pH | hydrogen ion concentration – measurement of acidity or alkalinity of a solution
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| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease
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| PKU | Phenylketonuria – disease due to lack of an enzyme in infants
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| PRN | “Pro re nata” - as required; when necessary
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| PMH | past medical history
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| pos | positive
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| PP | after meals (postprandial); after birth (postpartum)
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| PROM | premature rupture of membranes – when water breaks before contractions/before full term
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| pt | patient
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| q | every (quaque)
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| R, r | respiration; right; rectal (as in temp)
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| RBC, rbc | red blood cell (count)
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| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome
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| Rh | Blood group system – Rhesus (factor) – used to describe a D antigen in the blood, for blood transfusions
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| Rh- | negative D antigen in the blood
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| RLQ | right lower quadrant (of the abdomen)
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| R/O, r/o | rule out
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| ROA | right occiput anterior or right occipitoanterior
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| Rt | Right, also - related to
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| RUQ | right upper quadrant (of the abdomen)
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| Rx | treatment; therapy; prescription (recipe)
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| s (with line above) | without (sin)
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| S1, S2 | first sacral vertebra, second sacral vertebra
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| SAB | staphylococcal bacteremia; spontaneous abortion (miscarriage)
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| sec | second
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| SGA | small for gestational age
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| SIDS | sudden infant death syndrome
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| sm | small; submucosal?
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| SOAP | Subjective data, objective data, assessment, plan = symptoms perceived by patient, exam finding, evaluation of condition, goals for treatment
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| SOB | shortness of breath
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| SROM | spontaneous rupture of membranes
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| SS, S/S, S&S | signs & symptoms
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| stat | immediately (statim)
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| STI (STD) | sexually transmitted infection
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| strep | streptococci (bacteria)
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| sub-Q | subcutaneous (under the skin)
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| Sx | signs and symptoms
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| Sz | seizure
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| T | temperature; time
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| T1, T2 | first thoracic vertebra, second thoracic vertebra
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| TAB | therapeutic abortion
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| TB | tuberculosis
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| TAH | total abdominal hysterectomy
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| TENS | transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator
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| TFT | thyroid function test
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| TKO | to keep (vein) open for IV therapy
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| TM | tympanic membrane
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| TSH | Thyroid-stimulating hormone (secreted by pituitary)
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| TTN | transient tachypnea of the newborn
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| Tx | treatment
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| UA, U/A | urinalysis
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| UK, unk | unknown
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| umb | umbilical or umbilicus
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| U/O | urine output
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| URI | upper respiratory infection
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| US, u/s | ultrasound (imaging examination)
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| UTI | urinary tract infection
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| VBAC | vaginal birth after cesarean
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| VE | vaginal examination
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| VDRL | venereal disease research laboratory (a test for syphilis)
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| VS, V/S, vs | vital signs; versus
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| VSS | vital signs stable
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| WBC, wbc | white blood cell (count)
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| WNL | within normal limits
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| wt | weight
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| X | times
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| y, yr | year(s)
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| y/o | year(s) old
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